The Recognition of the Expression of Feeling in Cross Cultural Communication

根据《跨文化交际中情感表达的再认识》，本研究主要针对“微笑”这一跨文化交际中常见的情感表达方式进行研究。四个研究课题进行了调查。首先，对日本大学生进行问卷调查，并对结果进行分析，显示出各种微笑的允许范围的影响，这是由上下文差异，如情况和合作伙伴。作为聚类分析的结果，人们发现，允许的范围不同，由于上下文，即使是相同的感觉经历。此外，对社会态度问卷项目与微笑类型之间关系的分析结果表明，对社会事务持积极态度的被试在微笑的允许范围方面表现出不同的特点。 ...更多信息 给美国大学生的礼物。聚类分析的结果表明，日本和美国学生之间的微笑识别的上下文差异。很明显，情境变化发生根据情况是否是放松或舒适的每一组科目。第三，一个实验，显示了一个美国男人和一个女人的视觉图像的日本学生，在其中的日常参与与西方人和微笑的识别之间的关系进行了分析。结果表明，对微笑本身的识别被归类为普遍的，它与跨文化接触的数量无关。此外，在本研究中作为视觉刺激的视觉图像的大小和质量，显示了它们成为今后同类研究标准的可能性。第四，使用上述视觉图像和CGI，对日本和美国的大学生群体进行了网络调查研究。分析数据以确定SD，并分析“微笑”和“直”脸的表情变化。模型的影响是不可避免的。然而，很明显，一张“微笑”的脸增加了愉快的印象，并增强了一个人年轻，活跃和个性的形象。日本学生和美国学生对“微笑”的评价雅阁。然而，对“板着脸”的反应却截然不同。这一结果表明，“微笑”的脸的作用是更显着的个人识别在跨文化的遭遇比在自己的文化。少

According to "The Recognition of the Expression of Feeling in Cross Cultural Communication", this study focuses on "smiling", which is a common expression of feeling among different cultures. Four research topics were investigated. First, a questionnaire was administered to Japanese university students, and the results were analyzed, showing the influence of the permissible range of various kinds of smile, which were determined by contextual difference, such as situation and partner. As a result of Cluster Analysis, it was found that the permissible range differed due to context, even though the same kind of feeling was experienced. Furthermore, the result of the analysis of the relationship between the questionnaire items which measured social attitudes and the kinds of smile indicated that those subjects who had a positive attitude towards social affairs displayed distinctive characteristics concerning the permissible range of the smile.Second, the same kind of questionnaire was admi … More nistered to American university students. The results of Cluster Analysis indicated a contextual difference of recognition concerning the smile between the Japanese and the American students. It was clear that contextual variation occurred according to whether the situation was relaxed or comfortable for each group of subjects.Third, an experiment which showed visual images of an American man and woman to the Japanese students was conducted, in which an analysis of the relation between daily involvement with Westerners and the recognition of the smile was made. The results indicated that the recognition of the smile itself is categorized as being universal, and that it is not related to the quantity of cross cultural exposure. Furthermore, the size and quality of the visual images, which were used in the present study as the visual stimuli, shows the possibility of them being a standard for future studies of a similar kind.Fourth, a Web investigation study was administered to both Japanese and American groups of university students, using the above visual images and CGI. The data was analyzed to determine the SD, and also to analyze the change of expression of the ‘smiling' and the ‘straight' face. The influence of the model was inevitable. However, it was clear that a ‘smiling' face increased the pleasant impression, and enhanced the image of one as being young, active, and individual. The evaluation of the ‘smiling' face was in accord between the Japanese and American students. However the response to the ‘straight' face was quite different. This result indicates that the role of the ‘smiling' face is more significant for personal recognition in cross cultural encounters than in those in one's own culture. Less