Study of Solanaceous plants from eastern continental temperate climate : collection, evaluation, and molecular phylogeny

我们对阿根廷进行了三次探险，采集茄科植物。共收集种质224份，其中种子126份。播种74份，发芽34份，开花30份。我们鉴定了20份具有观赏价值的材料。所有材料都有足够的耐热性和耐寒性，被认为是很好的育种材料。其中，枸杞属、烟草属、雪莲属、茄属是重要的属。我们还利用考察期间采集的DNA对24属35种外加2个外类群进行了系统发育研究。测定了叶绿体DNA的两个基因间隔区(RPL16-RPL14和TRNT-L-L-F)和一个内含子(TrnK)序列，并根据比对序列计算了系统发育树。阿根廷茄科植物由五个分支组成，它们相当于亚科Schwenckioideae、Cestroideae、Nictianoideae、Solanoideae和Petunioideae，另外还有一个组合分支(Nictianoideae+Solanoideae)，被称为X=12分支。龙须草被置于茄科+旋花科分支之外。两个巴塔哥尼亚特有属Benthamiella和Pantacantha组成一个分支，隶属于Cestroideae。矮牵牛亚科分为两个亚支，一个由Bouchetia、Leptoglossis和Nierembergia组成，另一个亚支由Calibrhoa、Fabiana和Petunia组成。矮牵牛被归入法比亚族的一个支系。

We conducted three expeditions to Argentina to collect Solanaceous plants. In total, 224 accessions were collected, of which 126 were collected as seeds. We sowed 74 accessions, 34 germinated, and 30 reached blooming. We idendified 20 accessions that had ornamental values. All had enough heat and cold tolerance, and thought to be a good breeding materials. Among them, Lycium, Nicotiana, Nierembergia, Solanum were significant genera.We also conducted phylogenetic study on 24 genera, 35 species plus two outgroups using DNA that was collected during the expeditions. Two intergenic spacers (rpl16-rpl14 and trnT-L-L-F) and an intron (trnK) sequences of chloroplast DNA were determined and phylogenetic trees were calculated from aligned sequences. Argentine Solanaceous plants consisted of five clades that are equivalent to sub families, Schwenckioideae, Cestroideae, Nicotianoideae, Solanoideae, and Petunioideae in addition with a combined clade (Nicotianoideae+Solanoideae) that have been called the "X=12 clade." Sclerophylax was placed outside of Solanaceae+Convolvulaceae clade. Two Patagonian endemic genera, Benthamiella and Pantacantha formed a clade that belonged to Cestroideae. Petunioideae was divided into two subclades, one consists of Bouchetia, Leptoglossis, and Nierembergia and another of Calibrachoa, Fabiana, and Petunia. Petunia patagonica was included in a clade of Fabiana species.