A Basic Study on F. Buisson in the Educational Reform of the Third Republic

本研究旨在厘清费迪南德·比松(1841-1932)青年时期，特别是在锡泽兰(Neuchatel)时期的宗教和教育思想，为分析比松在第三共和国教育改革中的作用奠定基础。在他年轻的时候，Buisson通过在巴黎的新教福音派教堂La Chapelle Tybout与东正教进行辩论，形成了他的宗教信仰--非福音派自由派。随着与共和党人的熟悉，他坚定地决定成为一名自由派共和党人。在法兰西第二帝国的统治下，他无法从事教师这一职业。他在锡泽兰(纽哈特尔)找到了一个避难所。逃到诺查特尔后，他先后发表了自己的教育观点，将L的教育合法化，即在小学教育中废除L的圣书教育，在小学教育中引入公民教育--关于权利、义务、人性、团结等的教育。这一计划将是L教育在第三共和国教育改革中的理论根源--所谓L的全部学问。

The purpose of this research is to clarify the religious and educational thought of Ferdinand Buisson (1841-1932) in his youth, particularly in Sitzerland (Neuchatel), for the study to analyze the role of Buisson in the Educational Reform of the Third Republic. In his younger days, Buisson formed his religious conviction -un evangeliste liberal -through the polemics with orthodoxes in la Chapelle Taibout, a protestant evangelical church in Paris. And getting acquainted with republicans, he made a firm decision to be a liberal republican. Under the Second French Empire, he could not follow the teaching profession. He found a refuge in Sitzerland (Neuchatel). After fleeing to Neuchatel, he declared successively his opinions on education, laicisation de l'education, namely, abolition of the enseignement de l'histoire sainte -biblical education by teacher or pastor in the primary school -in the primary education, and introduction of the civic education -education about right, duty, humanity, solidarity, etc. -in the primary education. This plan will be a theoretical root of Laicisation de l'Education in the Educational Reform -the so-called l'oeuvre scolaire de Jules Ferry -of the Third Republic.