A Historical Study of Spanish Colonial Manila

这项研究是现任研究者撰写西班牙殖民马尼拉历史的更大项目的一部分。作为实现这一目标的第一步，研究和说明了1750-1820年间中国移民在马尼拉殖民地的生活，特别是他们与西班牙殖民当局的关系等方面；也就是总督和马尼拉市，他们的天主教信仰，以及他们与当地妇女的婚姻。为此，已咨询了保存在菲律宾档案管理和档案办公室（PNA）和马尼拉大主教管区档案（AAM）等档案馆以及西班牙，即印度总档案馆（AGI）中的西班牙手稿。其中包括在PNA保存的“马尼拉协议”中发现的经过公证的遗嘱和遗嘱。这些文件说明了华人在马尼拉殖民地的生活。在1750-1820年期间，马尼拉的中国居民被要求接受基督教信仰，他们实际上皈依了基督教。他们的天主教信仰使他们能够通过与当地妇女的合法婚姻在殖民地菲律宾建立自己的地位，这些妇女大多是中国混血儿。在这种情况下，混血妇女在促进华人融入殖民地社会的同时，也是维持马尼拉华人移民社会的关键因素。这是因为在审议期间，殖民地马尼拉实际上没有中国妇女。没有这些混血妇女，中国移民社会不可能在西属菲律宾生存下来。作为该项目的部分完成，在荷兰莱顿举行的第七届菲律宾研究国际会议上宣读了一篇题为“成为西班牙臣民：西班牙菲律宾的华人社会，1750-1820”的论文。2004年6月。

This study is part of a larger project by the present investigator to write a history of Spanish colonial Manila. As one of the first steps toward this goal, the life of Chinese immigrants in colonial Manila during 1750-1820 has been examined and illustrated, particularly, such aspects as their relations with the Spanish colonial authorities ; namely, the governors and the City of Manila, their Catholic faith, and their marriage with the local women. For this, Spanish manuscripts preserved in the archives in the Philippines, such as the Records Management and Archives Office (PNA) and the Archdiocesan Archives of Manila (AAM), as well as in Spain, namely, the Archivo General de Indias(AGI), have been consulted. Among them are the notarized wills and testaments found in the "Protocolos de Manila" kept in the PNA. These documents served to illustrate the Chinese life in colonial Manila.The Chinese residents in Manila during 1750-1820 were required to adopt the Christian faith, and they were in fact converted to Christianity. Their Catholic faith made them possible to establish themselves in the colonial Philippines through their legal marriage with the local women who were mostly Chinese mestizos. In this, while the mestizo women served to facilitate the integration of the Chinese into the colonial society, they acted also as a key element in maintaining the Chinese immigrant society in Manila. It was because there were virtually no Chinese women in colonial Manila during the period under the consideration. Without the mestizo women, the Chinese immigrant society could not have survived in the Spanish Philippines. As partial fulfillment of this project, a paper entitled, "Becoming Spanish Subjects : Chinese Society in the Spanish Philippines, 1750-1820," was read at the 7th International Conference on the Philippine Studies held in Leiden, the Netherlands.in June 2004.