We propose to analyze how membrane trafficking and the tissue polarity proteins control junctional remodeling and prepupal wing morphogenesis

为了形成有序的组织，上皮细胞在上皮平面内沿轴协调亚细胞结构的极性。在脊椎动物中，纤毛上皮和内耳感觉毛细胞是平面极化对功能至关重要的上皮细胞的两个例子。在果蝇的翅膀中，平面极性反映在翅膀毛的均匀远端方向上，每个细胞都有一根翅膀毛。平面轴在翼毛形成前数小时在细胞间连通；最早的极性分子读数是火烈鸟（Flamingo）的定位，这是一种亲同性粘附分子，位于细胞的近端和远端边界。定位依赖于Frizzled介导的细胞间信号，但Frizzled信号和火烈鸟定位之间的分子联系尚不清楚。最近，我们已经证明了Diego，一种具有6个锚蛋白重复序列的蛋白质，也定位于近端和远端边界，并且是火烈鸟卷曲依赖定位所必需的。我们提出的实验旨在确定迭戈和火烈鸟极化的细胞生物学机制，并确定它们的极化方向如何传达给其他细胞。

In order to form well-ordered tissues, epithelial cells coordinate the polarity of subcellular structures along an axis within the plane of the epithelium. In vertebrates, ciliated epithelia and the sensory hair cells in the inner ear are just two examples of epithelia in which planar polarization is critical for function. In the Drosophila wing, planar polarity is reflected in the uniform distal orientation of wing hairs, one of which is made by each cell. The planar axis is communicated between cells hours before wing hairs form; the earliest molecular readout of polarity is localization of Flamingo, a homophilic adhesion molecule, to the proximal and distal cell boundaries. Localization depends on Frizzled-mediated intercellular signaling, but the molecular connections between Frizzled signaling and Flamingo localization are not understood. Recently, we have shown that Diego, a protein with six ankyrin repeats, also localizes to proximal-distal boundaries and is required for Frizzled-dependent localization of Flamingo. The experiments we propose are designed to identify the cell biological mechanisms of Diego and Flamingo polarization, and to determine how the direction of their polarization is communicated to other cells.