Computer Crimes and Criminal Procedure-New Measures for Criminal Investigation

1.本研究项目的最终成果如下：(1)从比较的角度(包括对《欧洲网络犯罪公约》的分析研究)，找出和分析与当前和新的针对计算机犯罪和所谓的网络犯罪的各种调查措施有关的程序法问题。(2)在理论和比较分析的基础上，提出了可以引入日本刑事调查程序的特殊调查措施的基本法律原则和新的立法模式。2.本研究项目的部分成员参与并致力于日本法务省立法委员会刑法小组委员会的讨论，这为接受《欧洲网络犯罪公约》提出了新的立法建议，包括针对网络犯罪的调查措施。3.所分析的特别程序法问题如下；(1)直接没收计算机数据本身而不是携带电磁数据的有形物体的新强制措施的可转移性，基于对日本刑事调查过程中强制措施与现行制度的理论一致性的审查。(2)新调查措施命令个人提交其拥有或控制的计算机数据并保留这些数据的理论和实践可能性。(3)所谓的数据保存令，使调查当局能够命令迅速保存通过计算机系统存储的特定计算机数据，包括交通数据。(4)响应计算机网络系统的所谓远程访问调查，这使调查当局能够访问以电子方式连接到要检查的计算机的远程计算机。

1.The end results of this research project are as follows ;(1)Finding out and analyzing the procedural law issues relating to the present and the new various investigative measures against computercrimes and so-called cybercrimes, in comparative perspective (including analytical studies on the European Convention on Cybercrimes ).(2)Based on the theoretical and the comparative analysis, having proposed the fundamental legal principles and the new legislative models on the particular investigative measures that could be introduced into the Japanese criminal investigation procedure.2.Some members of this research project have participated in and have dedicated to the discussions at the Criminal Law Subcommittee of the Legislative Council at the Japanese Ministry of Justice, that has presented new legislation proposals as the domestic legislation for the acceptance of the European Convention on Cybercrimes including investigative measures against cybercrimes.3.The particular procedural law issues analyzed are as follows ;(1)The transferability of the new compulsory measures for seizing computer data itself directly rather than the tangible objects carrying electromagnetic data, based on the examination of theoretical consistency with the present system of the compulsory measures in Japanese criminal investigation process.(2)The theoretical and practical possibility of new investigative measures to order a person to submit computer data in his possession or control and retain those data.(3)So-called data conservation order that enable the investigative authorities to order the expeditious preservation of specified computer data, including traffic data, which have been stored by means of a computer system.(4)So-called remote access investigation responding to computer network systems, that enable the investigative authorities to gain access to a remote computer electronically connected to the computer to be examined.