A Research about Clinical Psychological Support in Genetic Clinics

在这项研究中，我们建立了临床心理学家参加医生的遗传咨询会议，然后单独会见来访者的制度，以便及早发现他/她的焦虑或风险，并很好地应对它们。基于这一现实背景，本研究旨在(1)开发一套用于评估预测基因测试的心理效果的心理测验；(2)明确心理访谈在遗传诊所和基因测试中的作用，为建立理想的遗传咨询体系做出贡献。针对(1)，我们创建了一种名为遗传SCT(句型完成测试)的原始测试，并由POMS(情绪状态简档)、绘制树测试和遗传SCT组成。在医生进行的一系列遗传咨询期间，负责与客户面谈的临床心理学家对客户实施了这一系列措施。通过这种方式，我们的目标是在心理访谈中建立的关系的基础上，谨慎地管理这些测试，并准备保护客户免受基因测试结果的影响。研究发现，POMS有助于发现客户如何有意识地看待自己，以及绘制树形测试：他们的无意识方面，以及遗传SCT：客户心理状态和人际关系的各个方面。至于(2)通过专门向客户准确解释前沿医学遗传学知识的医生和专门从内心真诚倾听客户话语的临床心理学家之间的合作，发现客户不仅可以向客户提供医生的信息，还可以检查客户如何接受这些信息，客户可以自愿使用这些信息。

In this research, we have been establishing the system where the clinical psychologist attends the sessions of genetic counseling by the medical doctor and meets the client afterwards individually in order to find out early his/ her anxiety or risks and cope well with them. On this practical ground, this research is intended (1)to develop a battery of psychological tests for evaluating the psychological effects of predictive genetic testing, and (2)to make clear the functions of the psychological interview in genetic clinics and genetic testing, and contribute to establishing a desirable system of genetic counseling.In point of (1),we created an original test called "genetic SCT (Sentence Completion Test)", and made a battery consisted of POMS (Profile Of Mood States), tree-drawing test and genetic SCT. The battery was administered to the clients by the clinical psychologists who were in charge of the interviews with them, during a series of sessions of genetic counseling by medical doctors. In that way, we aimed at administering those tests carefully on the basis of relationships built in psychological interviews, and preparing to protect the clients from the effects of the result of the genetic testing. It was revealed that POMS was useful for finding how the clients view themselves consciously, and tree-drawing test : their unconscious aspects, and genetic SCT : various aspects of psychological states and interpersonal relationships of the clients.As for (2),by collaboration between medical doctors, who specialize in explaining accurately to the clients the knowledge of the leading-edge medical genetics, and clinical psychologists who specialize in listening sincerely the clients' words from their inner psyche, it was revealed that not only giving information from doctors to the clients, but also examining how the information was received by the clients, the clients could utilize those information of their own will.