Researches into the Origin of the Mounted Nomads in the Eastern Eurasian Steppes

我们在蒙古中西部北方的乌兰乌什格I（乌什格乌沃尔）遗址发掘了Khereksurs No.1和12。在每个Khereksur的石堆中发现了石棺，并从Khereksur No.12的棺材中挖出了一个孩子的骨头。很明显，khereksurs是作为坟墓建造的，尽管我们需要一些解释，为什么有些khereksurs不包含人骨。堆积的石头的状况使我们相信khereksurs是通过在棺材中心周围附着石头而形成的。在Khereksur 1号石墩的边缘发现了一个简单类型的雄鹿石，与遗址南部的雄鹿石不同。在Khereksur 1号石墩主要位于东部的石墩中，我们发现了马头骨和马颈骨，口部朝向东部。同样的骨头组合也在1970年的雄鹿石周围的石圈中发现。 ...更多信息 该网站的南部。新发现的这样的例子使我们更加相信这些khereksurs和雄鹿石是由同一个人在同一时期制作的。通过对石堆横截面的观察，推测石堆的建造below.1.place：马头在地面上或在地面的浅坑中2.把小石头放在马头上3.把大石头围成一个圈立在小石头上4.圈内堆石这一建造过程类似于石圈的过程。在其建造后被附在其上，尽管尚不清楚它们是否属于同一时期。在触角状突起的中心发现了一个旧突厥时期的石堆，从中出土了一个锅，一个陶片，铁板和一个珠子。我们挖掘了一个板墓，发现了一个50岁出头的人的骨架，带有鹿角弓附件。少

We excavated Khereksurs Nos.1 and 12 at Ulaan Uushig I (Uushigiin uvor) site, which is situated in the northern part of mid-Western Mongolia. Stone coffin was found in the stone mound of each khereksur at the ground level and bones of a child were excavated from the coffin of Khereksur No.12. It became evident that the khereksurs were constructed as tombs although we need some explanation why some khereksurs do not contain human bones. The condition of the accumulated stones made us believe that the khereksurs were formed by attaching stones around the coffin in the center. At the edge of the stone mound of Khereksur No.1 was found a stag stone of the simple type, different from those in the southern part of the site.In the stone heaps arranged mainly to the east of the stone mound of Khereksur No.1,we found horse head bones together with neck bones, the muzzles being oriented to the east. The same combination of the bones has been found from the stone circles around the stag stones of … More the southern part of the site. Newly found such examples made us more confident that those khereksurs and stag stones were made by the same people in the same period. By the observation of the cross-section of the stone heaps the stone heaps were surmised to be constructed as below.1.place the horse head on the ground or in the shallow hollow in the ground 2.put small stones over the horse head 3.stand large stones in a circle on the small stones 4.stack stones within the circleThis construction process resembles to the process of the stone circles.The antennae-like protrusion to the east of the stone mound of Khereksur No.1 was proved to be on the same level as the stone mound, being attached to it after its construction, although it is not yet clear if they belonged to the same period. At the center of the antennae-like protrusion was found a stone heap of the Old Turkic period, from which were unearthed a pot, a potsherd, iron plates and a bead.We excavated a slab grave to find a human skeleton of a man of early fifties of age, with antler bow attachments. Less