A Study of an Artificial Cell as a Soft-and -wet Microchemical System

1.形成巨大脂质体。巨脂质体的特性可以通过更精确地控制制备条件来调节。研究了在电极位置、外加电场类型或微量离子的影响等方面电铸巨型脂质体的细节。此外，还发现了在电极以外的基底上电沉积巨型脂质体的新方法.巨型脂质体的稳定化。巨脂质体的稳定性可以通过第三种膜组分来控制。建立了脂质体膜强度的评价体系。稳定性可以通过化学改性的聚合物来增强。巨脂质体与其他材料的杂交。可以提高脂质体固定到化学改性的聚合物颗粒上/从化学改性的聚合物颗粒上脱离的效率。巨型脂质体的组织。考察了分子识别的巨脂质体自发组织、利用微脂结构域定位和组织巨脂质体以及巨脂质体在细胞中的团形成.开发用于构建微化学系统的协议。证明了将可能用于构建微化学系统的各种材料（例如氧化还原剂或聚合物颗粒）引入巨型脂质体中。此外，还发现了大脂质体向寡囊泡的诱导转化，利用这种转化，制备了具有两个不同化学结构的寡囊泡。

1. Formation of giant liposomes. The characteristics of giant liposomes can be regulated by more precise control of the preparation conditions. The details of electroformation of giant liposomes in terms of the position of the electrodes, the type of the applied electric field or the effect of a trace amount of an ion were studied. Also, electroformation of giant liposomes on a substrates other than the electrodes was newly found.2. Stabilization of giant liposomes. The stability of giant liposomes can be controlled by a third membrane component. An evaluation system of strength of liposomal membrane was constructed. The stability may be enhanced by a chemically modified polymer.3. Hybridization of giant liposomes with other materials. Efficiency of immobilization/detachment of liposomes onto/from chemically modified polymer particles may be improved.4. Organization of giant liposomes. Spontaneous organization of giant liposomes with molecular recognition, use of micrcrsized lipid domains for positioning and organizing giant liposomes and mass formation of giant liposomes in a cell were examined.5. Development of the protocols for the construction of micro-chemical systems. Introduction of various materials that were possibly useful for the construction of a micro-chemical system, such as a redox agents or polymer particles, into giant liposomes was demonstrated. Also, induced transformation of giant liposomes to oligovesicular vesicles, a key component for an advanced micro-chemical system, was newly found. By utilizing the transformation, oligovesicular vesicles that possess two chemically distinguished inner aqueous compartments were prepared.