Studies on Japanese Firms' Strategies of High Technology, Research and Development, and Intellectual Property Rights Protection Toward China

本研究在三年的时间里取得的研究成果概括如下：1.在2004年，我们对中国日本公司对当地子公司的技术转移战略及其对当地子公司知识产权的侵犯情况进行了问卷调查。调查的对象是制造业的1043家当地子公司，这些子公司的投资额超过了对日本企业的应得金额，资本额超过2亿日元。我们实证地计算了他们向中国当地子公司的技术转移、他们的研发以及中国公司对知识产权的侵犯。2005年，我们对在中国开设的本土子公司的971家日本国内总部进行了类似的问卷调查。然后，我们调查了总部对子公司技术转让的意图和理解，以及他们对英特尔…的侵权行为中国拥有更多的财产权。此外，通过对日本总部及其在中国的当地子公司的调查结果的比较，我们澄清了他们在技术转让和侵犯知识产权方面存在的认知差距。2.回顾了中国的专利制度，调查了日本企业在中国的专利战略，并通过与美国、欧洲国家和韩国的比较分析。此外，利用中国所在的美国、欧洲和东亚国家的专利引用信息以及其中的国际贸易数据，运用计量经济学方法实证分析了国际贸易对先进国家向东亚国家的技术扩散和技术溢出的影响。3.明确了日本在中国开设的地方子公司的研发性质，以及其研发金额低于日本在其他国家(如美国和欧洲国家)开设的子公司的原因。4.利用寡头垄断博弈模型，考察并比较了几种情况下的R&D、产出(价格)和福利水平，推广了传统的模型和一些新的结果。较少

The outcome obtained our research during three years is summarized as follows :1.In 2004 we implemented a questionnaire survey on "the strategy of technology transfer to local subsidiaries of Japanese firms in China and the infringement of their intellectual property rights for the local subsidiaries". The subject of the survey is 1043 local subsidiaries in the manufacturing industry, which are more than the rate of the amount invested due to Japanese firms and capitalized at more 0.2 billion yen. We empirically figured out their technology transfer toward the local subsidiaries in China, their research and development and infringement of intellectual property rights due to Chinese firms. In 2005 we implemented a similar questionnaire survey for 971 Japanese domestic head quarters of the local subsidiaries opening in China. Then we investigated the intentions and understanding of the head quarters on the technology transfer toward the subsidiaries and their infringement of the intellec … More tual property rights in China. Furthermore, by comparing fact-findings obtained through these surveys for Japanese head quarters and their local subsidiaries in China, we clarified the existence of the recognition gap between them on the technology transfer and the infringement of intellectual property rights.2.We reviewed Chinese patent system and investigated Japanese firms patent strategies in China and through the comparison analysis with the United States, European countries and Korea. In addition, by making a use of the data of patent citation information among the United State, European countries and east-Asian countries including China and international trade among them, we empirically analyzed the effects of international trade on the technology diffusion from the advanced to east-Asian countries and technology spillovers by the econometric method.3.We made clear properties on the research and development (R＆D) of Japanese local subsidiaries opening in China, and the reason why the amount of their R＆D is less than that of Japanese local subsidiaries opening in other countries, for example, the U.S. and European countries.4.By using an oligopolistic game model, we investigated and compared the levels of R＆D, output (price) and welfare under some cases, and then extended the traditional model and some new results. Less