Theoretical Investigation on R&D Investment and Oligopolistic Models with Spillovers

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1. Whether or not the government with export firms employs export subsidies as trade policy depends on both levels of R&D spillover and the relative cost of R&D investment. For example, when either the relative cost is high or it is not so high and the spillover level is relatively large, the otimal trade policy is laisser-faaire or export tax : namely, the possibility depends on both levels. Export subsidies cause the promotion of export and R&D investment to increase.the strategic model with R&D investment in the presence of its spillover as well as for the nonstrategic model. Moreover, although whether or not firms under Cournot-quantity competition use RED investment strategically depends on the level of spillover, the incentive for firms under Bertrand-price competition to use R&D is small.3. Whether firms disclose their results created by R&D depends on the sign of the cross price effect in terms of a demand function, irrespective of whether the firms are involved in quantity or price competition in the market. Moreover, the formation of an R&D cartel of oligopolistic firms will increase both R&D expenditure and profits. When products are substitutes, firms under quantity competition will obtain more in the presence of R&D cooperation than in the absence of it.