Method establishment for the fracturing/collapsing process simulation of wooden houses under seismic loading

本文的最终目的是建立一种模拟木结构房屋在大震作用下的计算方法。通过研究，目前已成功地对传统木结构房屋的倒塌过程进行了定性模拟。虽然这种模拟技术要达到与有限元法相当的定量化还存在一些障碍。其中一些障碍已经被克服，例如，柱-窗台连接的行为是参数化的连接部分与各种紧固件的实验。砂浆墙的破坏行为也逐渐清晰。在本研究计画中，我们的主要目的是要厘清包含大开榫的连续柱的行为与性能。对真实的尺寸的单向开孔柱和双向开孔柱进行了静、动态弯曲试验。在静态试验中，比弹性模量和抗弯强度随截面积损失的增加而降低。虽然比弹性模量的下降速率小于预期值。似乎没有那么大的应力集中，需要考虑的材料力学。大震作用下，连续柱承受高速荷载。针对这种情况，我们进行了加载速率为2 m/s的动态弯曲试验。我们预计，截面损失的影响，榫开口变得更重要的动态加载比静态之一。但实验结果却相反。无论是特定的杨氏模量和弯曲强度增加，在动态加载相比，静态的情况下。这是我们未来的主题，使这些结果反映在模拟的参数决策。

Our final goal is to establish a calculating method for the simulation of the behavior of wooden houses under big earthquake. Qualitative simulation of the collapsing process for the traditional wooden houses was made successfully by the research until now. Though there were some hurdles to make this simulation technique to the quantitative one which was comparable to the finite element method. Some of these hurdles were overcome already for example, the behavior of the column-sill connection was parameterized by the experiments on the connecting part with various fasteners. The fracturing behavior of mortars wall was also becoming clear. In this research project, our main target was to clarify the behavior and the performance of the continuous columns which include large tenon openings. Real size columns with single to four direction(s) opening were subjected to static and dynamic bending tests. In static test, specific Young's modulus and bending strength decreased with the increasing loss of cross sectional area. Though the decreasing rate of specific Young's modulus were less than the expected values. It seemed that there were not so large stress concentration which require the fracture-mechanical consideration. Under the big earthquake, continuous columns receive high speed loading. Corresponding to this situation, we made dynamic bending test with the loading rate of 2 m/sec. We anticipated that the influence of the section loss by tenon openings becomes more important in dynamic loading than in static one. But the experimental results were inverse. Both the specific Young's modulus and the bending strength were increased in dynamic loadings in comparison with the static cases. It is our future subject to make these results reflect on the parameter decision for the simulation.