Establishment of Treatment Technique of Cyanobacterial Toxin using Function by Microbial Community

为建立高效处理蓝藻过度生长产生的有毒物质微囊藻毒素、水华等已成为世界各国富营养化湖泊问题的技术手段，本研究通过对某水厂生物膜设施中微生物群落结构的分析，以及对含有微囊藻毒素、强肝毒素、专性降解菌的生物膜的体外和现场研究，发现水厂氯化处理工艺能明显降低微囊藻毒素的毒性。然而，微囊藻毒素的三卤代甲烷前体增加和氯化反应体积超标是一个普遍存在的严重问题。因此，人们强烈希望微囊藻毒素处理技术的发展，以获得安全的水环境。因此，使用来自中国的样品，不同的采样点以前分离的细菌，新天鹅藻属，MIC…在碱性pH为9.5的条件下，对更多的轮藻毒素专一性降解菌进行了筛选。结果表明，Sphingopyxis sp.2004年分离到一株对微囊藻毒素具有较高降解活性的耐碱细菌C-1。2005年和2006年，对鞘氨醇的特性进行了研究。对微囊藻毒素降解菌C-1进行了研究。由此推测，微囊藻毒素降解酶为膜蛋白。并在生物膜处理方法中，对玻片与不同形状玻片的聚氯乙烯载体的附着性进行了评价。经鉴定为Sphingopyxis sp.C-1很好地附着在聚氯乙烯和载玻片上。此外，还对Sphingopyxis sp.进行了微囊藻毒素降解试验。C-1以蜂窝结构固定在聚氯乙烯载体上。实验结果表明，聚氯乙烯载体对微囊藻毒素的单位细胞降解率远高于游离悬浮细胞。另一方面，在水厂生物膜中检测到编码微囊藻毒素降解酶的mlrA基因，该基因被认为对微囊藻毒素的降解起重要作用。较少

In this study, to establish high efficiency treatment technology for toxic substance, microcystin, produced by extreme growth of cyanobacteria, water bloom, which have become problem in eutrophic lake of all over the world, analysis of microbial community structure on biofilm facility in a water treatment plant and investigation of applying to biofilm which have microcystin, strong hepatotoxin, specific degrading-bacteria were performed through in vitro and in situ studies.It is known that toxicity of microcystin was clearly decreased through chloride treatment process on water treatment plant. However, it is widely a serious problem for increasing trihalomethane precursor and exceed chloride reaction volume of microcystin were performed. Thus, people of the world strongly hope that the microcystin treatment technology development for getting safety aquatic environment.Therefore, using sample from China, different sampling point of previously isolated bacteria, Novosphingobium sp., mic … More rocystin specific degrading-bacteria screening was performed with the medium at alkaline pH 9.5. As a result, Sphingopyxis sp. C-1, alkali-tolerant bacteria, which have high activity of microcystin-degrading was isolated on 2004. On 2005 and 2006, characterization of Sphingopyxis sp. C-1, microcystin degrading-bacteria, was examined. Thus, it was revealed that microcystin degrading enzyme was membrane protein. And in applying to biofilm treatment method, attachment to slide glass and PVC carrier which is different shape of microscopic slide was estimated. It was confirmed that Sphingopyxis sp. C-1 well attached to PVC and slide glass carrier. Moreover, microcystin degrading test was performed using Sphingopyxis sp. C-1 immobilized to PVC carrier with honeycomb structure. From the experiment, it was elucidated that microcystin-degrading rate per cell of PVC carrier was much higher than that of free suspending cell. On the other hand, mlrA gene encoding microcystin-degrading enzyme, which was thought that play important role on the microcystin degradation, was detected in the biofilm of water treatment plant. Less