Development and Validation of a Human Caring Approach for Diabetic Patients

本研究基于Benner， P。基于关爱理论，我们建立了一个早期糖尿病患者关爱模型，并对其有效性进行了检验。糖尿病患者护理方法模型的建立我们对8项研究进行了荟萃综合。因此，我们开发了“糖尿病患者的化身护理”，作为一种护理过程，以获取关于身体的知识，作为患者智力和身体活动的基础。护理过程的主要特点是“澄清模棱两可的经验”、“促进对自己身体的理解”、“恢复对自己身体的信任”、“获得新的生活方式（应对方法）”。我们制定了一套干预方案，包括护理人员的态度、姿势、离地板的高度、护理人员与患者之间的距离、询问和给予指示时的身体动作和手势、与患者的互动以及对患者反应的解释。该方案还包括护理所需的基本知识、设备和材料以及记录格式。干预方案旨在“澄清模棱两可的经验”。我们对5例2型早期糖尿病患者进行了护理，以评估其疗效。在护理过程中，患者的言行表现出他们对自己身体的关心，表明“他们如何与自己的身体生活”——这是他们在漫长的生命中获得的经验。事实证明，这种护理澄清了病人的经历。

In this study, based on Benner, P.'s caring theory, we developed a caring model for patients with early diabetes and examined its validity.1. Development of a caring approach model for diabetic patientsWe performed meta-synthesis of eight studies. As a result, we developed “embodiment care for diabetic patients" as a nursing care process to obtain knowledge about the body, as a basis for intellectual and physical action, of patients. The main characteristics of the care process are “Clarify ambiguous experience", “Promotion of understanding of their own bodies", “Restoration of trust in their own bodies", and “Acquisition of a new lifestyle (coping methods)".2. Development of an intervention protocol for “embodiment care for diabetic patients"We developed an intervention protocol consisting of the caregiver's attitude, posture, and height from the floor, the distance between the caregiver and the patient, physical actions and hand gestures when asking questions and giving instructions, interaction with patients, and interpretation of responses from patients. Basic knowledge, equipment, and materials required for the care, as well as recording formats, were also included in the protocol. The intervention protocol was designed to “clarify ambiguous experience".3. Validation of the care to “clarify ambiguous experience"We provided five Type-2 early diabetic patients with the care to evaluate the efficacy. During the care process, the patients made remarks and took actions that demonstrate their concern for their bodies, indicating “how they live with their own bodies"-experience acquired through a long period of their lives. The care proved to clarify the experience of patients.