Maintenace mechanism and evolution of enantiomorphy in snails

本研究旨在探讨树螺体内对映体的维持机制及其进化分化过程，重点研究影响树螺体内对映体动态平衡的性状的功能和分化。最近的受试者将继续进行长期的变异频率调查，并评估对映体的相对交配频率。我们还验证了生殖器进化的系统发育假说，我们发现了野生对映体之间出人意料的成功交配，首次为负频率相关选择可能维持对映体提供了行为学证据。我们的分子系统学表明，对映体在两性属中至少存在了一百万代，因此对映体在进化上是稳定的。Lb生殖器的形态对对映体之间的交配起着关键作用，特别是因为这些树螺群在火对面位进行交配，这被认为会干扰手性交配。我们发现对映体的进化可能与生殖器形态的差异有关，也可能与附加因子的必要性有关，以解释物种内没有和存在表明生殖器没有差异的亚种对映体的存在。

The purposes of this project was to explore the maintenance mechanism of enantiomorphy and the process of its evolutionary divergence in tree snails, with main focus on the functions and divergence of the traits responsible for the dynamic equilibrium of enantiomorphy. The proximate subjects were to continue long-term surveys of morph frequencies and to evaluate the relative copulation frequencies of the enantiomorphs. We also tested the phylogenetical hypothesis of the evolution of genitalia We discovered the unexpectedly successful copulation between the enantiomorphs the wild It is fist behavioral evidence that negative frequency dependent selection may maintain enantiomorphy. Our molecular phylogeny suggested that enantiomorphy has persisted in the genus Amphidromus for at least one million generations and thus enantiomorphy is evolutionarily stable. lb genital morphology must play a key role for copulation between the enantiomorphs, especially because this groups of tree snails perform copulation in fire-to-face position, which has been expected to interfere interchiral copulation. We found possible correlation between the evolution of enantiomorphy with the divergence of genital morphology and also the necessity of additional factor, to explain the absence and presence of enantiomorphy in subspecies within species that indicate no difference in genitalia.