A Manifold Research in a Regional State and Actual Conditions of the Human Networking in the Medieval Italy

四年来，我一直在研究档案学文献，特别是佛罗伦萨国家档案馆。通过这项研究，很明显，在解决地方社区问题时，被派往佛罗伦萨共和国境内担任地方总督的佛罗伦萨公民的人际网络可以在共和国的领土管理中有效地发挥作用，而且这种网络可以对官方的反应产生一些影响。并围绕共和国政府的领土统治意识进行考察，通过对地方法规审批制度的研究，作为理解其国家意识的一条线索。因此，我可以指出，从十四世纪末到十五世纪初，佛罗伦萨国家的领土管理模式及其逻辑可能发生了很大变化。在当地法律修订和佛罗伦萨官方批准(Approbatio…)文件中进行研究此外)在从13世纪80年代开始的改革过程中，我揭示了佛罗伦萨政府通过这种领土管理系统能够合法地控制当地社区，承认他们的自治权。事实上，很难说明地方社区的确切行政状况和佛罗伦萨人对他们的统治情况，尽管有很多主管官员(五名康塔多和地区的管家)的文件，但我得出的结论是，佛罗伦萨国家可以相对系统地管理整个领土上的地方社区，并至少从14世纪末开始显示出领土统治的中央集权趋势。我还研究了阿雷佐作为佛罗伦萨统治下的当地社区的档案，揭示了佛罗伦萨在法定批准制度中的倡议。此外，我还考察了中世纪公证员的社会状况和职能，因为总理府相对于领土控制的重要性。较少

For 4 years I have researched in documents of archives, especially of Archivio di Stato di Firenze (National Archives of Florence). Through this research it became obvious that in the solution of local communities' problem the human networks of Florentine citizens dispatched to the territory of the Republic of Florence as local governors, could function efficiently in the territorial administration of the Republic, and that this networks could have some influence over the official response. And focusing on Republic government's consciousness of territorial rule, I inspected it researching the system of approval for local statutes as a clue to understand their state consciousness. As a result I could point out likelihood that the mode of territorial administration of the Florentine state and their logic changed considerably from the late fourteenth century to the early fifteenth century. In researching in documents of local statutory revision and Florentine official approval (approbatio … More ) in the course of the reformation (riformagione) beginning from 1380s, I revealed that Florentine government through this territorial administration system was able to control local communities legally, admitting their autonomy. In fact it is difficult to illuminate local communities' exact administrative condition and the situation of Florentine rule over them, though there are a lot of documents of competent officials (five conservators of Contado and District), but I concluded that Florentine State could relative systematic administration of local communities over the whole territory and showed a tendency toward the centralization of territorial rule at least from the late fourteenth century. I researched also in archives of Arezzo as a local community under the Florentine rule, and revealed the Florentine initiative in the statutory approval system. Otherwise, I examined the social condition and function of medieval notaries, because of the importance of Chancellery relative to the territorial control. Less