Analysis of methods expressing vulnerability to disasters

有三种方法表示对灾难的脆弱性。一只眼睛失明使用概率论的表达，比如地震发生的概率。第二种是科学地规定危险大小的标准。例如，它是一个天气警告等。第三种是基于工程观点规定的损伤大小标准。例如，它是建筑物的倒塌危险等。然而，接收信息的公民很难理解这些表达方式中危险的紧迫性。此外，还有一个限制是，它不能判断具体应进行何种对应。本研究对公民具有一定的理解意义，并探讨了决定公民如何判断和进一步采取行动的危险表达方式。以2004年新泻暴雨灾害、丰田洪水灾害、2004年新泻中部地震、JR福山线列车脱轨事故、卡特里娜飓风等过去发生灾害的时间为例。在灾害发生时，对灾害的追求者和受灾者进行灾害民族学调查。阐明了决定其危险性认知和灾害应对行动的因素，分析了影响判断和决策的信息。此外，还分析了导致灾害对应行动发生变化的信息。整理灾害发生时的调查资料，创建灾情ESUNOGU Rafi。研讨会就是以此为基础举行的。因此，要让公民社会接受危险信息，并与合适的防灾行动相联系，仅仅通过危险信息的呈现是有限度的。此外，灾害民族学带来的一种亲历灾难的感觉，可以详细地阅读过去的灾难情况等，同时对灾难过程的理解也变得清晰起来。少

There are three methods expressing vulnerability to disaster. Blindness in one eye uses probability theory expressions, such as occurrence probability of an earthquake. The 2nd is a standard specified with the size of the hazard seen scientifically. For example, it is a weather warning etc. The 3rd is a standard specified with the size of damage based on an engineering view. For example, it is the collapse danger of a building etc. However, it is difficult for the citizen who received the information to understand the urgency nature of danger in these modes of expression. Furthermore, there was a limit that it could not judge what kind of correspondence should be carried out concretely. This research was intelligible for the citizen and examined the mode of expression of the danger which can decide how citizens judge and should act further. The time of the disaster generated in the past, such as the 2004 Niigata heavy rain disaster, Toyooka flood damage, a 2004 Mid-Niigata Earthquake d … More isaster, JR Fukuchiyama Line train derailment accident, and hurricane Katorina, was made into the example. Disaster ethnography investigation to the pursuer and disaster victim corresponding to disaster when such disaster occurs was conducted. The factor which specifies the cognition of their danger and the action corresponding to disaster was clarified, and the information which brought influence to judgment and decision-making was analyzed. Moreover, the information which resulted in change to the action corresponding to disaster was analyzed. Furthermore, the data of the investigation at the time of disaster was arranged, and disaster ESUNOGU Rafi was created. The workshop was held based on it. As a result, in order for civil society to accept danger information and to connect to suitable disaster prevention action, it turned out only by presentation of danger information that there is a limit. Moreover, a feeling of a vicarious experience of the disaster brought about by disaster ethnography who can read the past disaster situation etc. in detail and understanding of a disaster process simultaneously became clear. Less