Controlled non-neutral-plasma experiment on fundamental processes in transport and relaxation to equilibrium states of a many-charged-particle system.

本课题的主要成果可归纳为以下三方面：(1)二维湍流涡旋动力学的实验分析：对磁化纯电子等离子体不稳定初始密度分布弛豫过程中出现的涡旋结构进行了光谱分析。电子引导中心系综在形态上等同于二维流体，其密度与涡量成正比。在现实空间中，低密度种群中越来越精细的结构在波数空间中表现为级联，能量向下，熵向上。[JPSJ (2006), physical . rev . e(2007)](2)波动诱导输运的实验和理论分析：确定了旋转Trivelpiece-Gould模式波强烈诱导磁化电子的径向输运。径向漂移与共振电子的轴向加速度有关，因此径向输运和轴向加热代表了朗道阻尼波能量的两条路径。准线性理论模型的预测在观测的基础上得到了定量的证实。(理论物理。[3]彭宁阱中平衡纯电子等离子体三维分布的构建：从观测到的二维图像数据中获得三维分布的快速方案，成功地揭示了高密度核心分布周围低密度种群中的精细结构。巧妙地利用自场的电位分布，仅提取不到总粒子的1%，就可以评估接近室温的电子温度。(理论物理。等离子体(2006))

Major achievements of this project are summarized in three categories :(1) Experimental analysis of vortex dynamics in terms of two-dimensional (2D) turbulence :Spectral analyses are carried out on the vortex structures appearing during the relaxation of unstable initial density distribution of a magnetized pure electron plasma. The ensemble of guiding centers of electrons is morphologically equivalent to 2D fluid and its density is proportional vorticity. Increasingly fine structures in the low-density population in the real space represent cascading in the wave-number space, downward in energy and upward in enstrophy. [JPSJ (2006), Phys.Rev.E (2007)](2) Experimental and theoretical analyses of wave-induced transport :Rotating Trivelpiece-Gould mode wave is identified to strongly induce the radial transport of magnetized electrons. The radial drift is associated with the axial acceleration of resonant electrons so that the radial transport and the axial heating represent two paths of Landau-damping wave energy. Predictions of the quasi-linear theoretical model are quantitatively confirmed on the observational basis. [Phys.Plasmas (2005, 2006)](3) Construction of 3D distribution of an equilibrium pure electron plasma in a Penning trap :Fast scheme for the 3D distribution from observed 2D image data is successfully applied to reveal fine structures in a low-density population surrounding a high-density core distribution. The potential distribution of self-field is skillfully utilized to evaluate the electron temperature approaching the room temperature only by extracting less than 1% of total particles. [Phys.Plasmas (2006)]