Realization of 4D Materials Science via Advanced Synchrotron Radiation Nanotomography

自2001年以来，我们利用超高分辨率同步辐射显微层析成像技术实现了亚微米级分辨率的块体材料内部微观结构的三维可视化和材料试验的原位观察。在本项目中，这些技术得到了显著的发展。所开发的可视化技术通过对3D微结构和纳米结构的高质量、高分辨率和信息丰富的成像及其高级分析，在材料科学的广泛研究领域实现了“4D（即3D +时间尺度）材料科学”。开发的实质性技术如下：1）远低于同步加速器X射线CT的当前分辨率的纳米结构的可视化技术的开发2）通过在外部干扰下跟踪微观结构特征的内部局部机械量的3-D高密度映射（~数万点水平）3）专门的成像技术（算法）B ...更多信息 通过对大块材料内部微观结构的三维观察，开发的技术可能使复杂现象和微观结构优化的动态和有效的方法成为可能。它还可能提供远远超出传统科学和工程或基于传统二维观测的研究和开发过程的新的先进知识。除了经典的方法，如连续切片，开发的技术是一个独特的，可以使这些问题。我们可以期待在材料科学的广泛研究领域的研究和开发的效率和质量的革命。实际上，通过结合本研究中开发的程序，已经实现了最先进的晶界跟踪技术。它可以可视化变形过程中晶界形状的三维和四维变化以及晶界和晶粒内的应变可视化。可以预期，通过利用所开发的一系列新的和先进的技术，取得了重大的学术进展。少

3-D visualization of microstructures inside bulk materials at sub-micron level resolutions and the in-situ observation of material tests have been realized in our trials by utilizing ultra-high resolution synchrotron microtomography since 2001. In the present project, those techniques have been developed remarkably. The developed visualization techniques realize "4-D(i.e. 3D + time scale) materials science" in the wide research fields of the materials science through high-quality, high-resolution and information-rich imaging of 3D micro- and nanostructures as well as their advanced analyses. Substantial techniques developed are as follows ;1) The development of visualization techniques for nanostructures which are well below the present resolution of the synchrotron X-ray CT2) 3-D high-density mapping(- several ten thousand point level) of internal local mechanical quantities via tracking microstructural features under external disturbance3) Specialized imaging technique (algorithms) b … More y which high-resolution imaging for local areas inside large specimensThe developed technique might enable dynamic and effective approach to complex phenomena and microstructural optimization through 3-D observation of microstructures inside bulk materials. It might also provide new and advanced knowledge which is well beyond the traditional science and engineering or the research and development processes based on the conventional 2-D observation. Excepting classical approaches such as the serial sectioning, the developed technique is a unique one which can enable these matters. We can expect revolutions in efficiency and quality in research and development over a wide research field in the materials science. Actually, by combining the procedures developed in this research, state-of-the-art grain boundary tracking technique has been realized. It enables to visualized 3-D and 4-D change in grain boundary shape during deformation together with strain visualization at grain boundaries and within grains. It can be expected that significant academic progress is achieved by utilizing a series of the new and advanced techniques developed. Less