Management of environment stresses and its effects on plant productivity and quality

从植物对环境胁迫的适应功能（光合调节和抗氧化）的表达和高品质、高附加值蔬菜生产的角度出发，探讨了植物生产中几种环境胁迫（如强光和弱光、高温和低温、高盐和水分亏缺）的检测和管理（去除和应用）新方法。本研究的主要成果如下：1.植物生产系统中环境胁迫和植物适应功能的检测应用新的方法检测植物对环境胁迫的响应，包括根系水分和离子吸收、叶片光合作用和叶绿素荧光、叶片和韧皮部的光合调节以及叶片和果实的抗氧化作用等.环境胁迫的解除方法：采用双跷跷板栽培床提高产量、覆盖膜改变光谱组成、地下储水管系统换热节能等新方法，可有效地解除环境胁迫，提高植物的生理活性、生长发育、产量和品质.环境胁迫的应用方法：短期的盐胁迫和低温胁迫只对根部施加，诱导植物的光合调节和抗氧化的适应功能，从而生产出富含糖、矿物质、抗氧化剂和功能性氨基酸等健康物质的高品质和高附加值的蔬菜。

New methodologies for detection and management (remove and application) of several kinds of environmental stress such as conditions with high and low lights, high and low temperatures, high salinity and water deficit were examined in plant production from the view point of expression of plant adaptive functions (osmoregulation and antioxidation) to environmental stresses and production of high quality and value-added vegetables. Results of this research are summarized as follow:1. Detection of environmental stresses and plant adaptive functions in plant production systems.Plant responses to environmental stresses were detected by applying new methodologies for measuring water and ions absorption in roots, photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence in leaves, osmoregulation in leaves and phloem and antioxidation in leaves and fruits etc.2. Methodologies for remove of environmental stresses.New methodologies, such as the double seesaw cultivation beds for higher productivities, the cover film for modifying light spectral composition and the underground water storage pipe system for heat exchange and energy saving, were applicable for removing environmental stresses and were effective in physiological activity, growth, yield and quality of plants.3. Methodologies for application of environmental stresses.The short term applications of salt stress and low temperature stress only to roots induced plant adaptive functions of osmoregulation and antioxidation, which produced high quality and value-added vegetables enriched in healthful substances such as sugars, minerals, antioxidants and functional amino acids.