Ethical Study on the Deep Stnactiwe of the Ideas of Transcendence inJapan

1. Uehara进行了以下研究；(1)利用计算机辅助三维制图技术，分析了圣地的景观结构。该研究揭示了包括山脉、河流和神圣纪念碑在内的景观元素的一些坚实的排列规律。(2)在古日本“火”与“佛”关系研究的基础上，对“天”的本质属性进行了探索，这是研究“火”与“佛”关系的初步步骤。这项研究揭示了Tenno的逻辑背景。(3)对渡司哲郎的伦理学著作进行了评述，揭示了他的“汉”、“佛”思想的一些特点。柏木通过叙述，考察了古代晚期和中世纪思想中的一些主要的超验思想；“Konjaku monogatarishu”，“Shinto-shu”和Yokyoku“Obasute”。通过阅读这些经文，指出了以下几点：(1)释迦牟尼知道所有人存在的全部真相，并通过讲述他们自己存在的故事，为他们指明了通往解脱的道路。(2)无论路途有多远，菩萨都会迎接危难中的人们，陪伴他们去解脱。神仙把人们从慈悲中拯救出来，因为他们记得神仙自己曾经是人类时所遭受的痛苦。丰泽在德川早期编辑的Koyogunkan中进行了调查。它描述了武田信根和他周围的人的言行。我们可以把握战国时期武士的生活方式。Koyogunkan断言，一个人必须由第十或天堂，Kaho或天神的恩典和Un或财富来统治。它向读者阐述了一个人应该接受自己过去生活的必要性，并相信在未来的努力中自由的可能性。这一调查表明，天道是一种涉及佛教和神道教的超越思想。

1. Uehara has conducted following studies ; (1) Using the computer assisted 3D mapping, landscape structure of the sacred grounds were analyzed. The study revealed some solid rules of the arrangement of landscape elements including mountains, rivers and holy monuments. (2) As a preliminary step toward the study of relationship between Ham] and Hotoke (Buddha) in ancient Japan, the essential attribute of Tenno was explored based on the description of Kojiki. The study revealed the logical background of Tenno. (3) The ethical works of Tetsuro Watsuji were reviewed and some characteristics of his thought about Hann and Hotoke(Buddha) were revealed.2. Kashiwagi examines some major ideas of transcendence in the late ancient and medieval thought, by taking up the narratives ; "Konjaku Monogatari-shu", "Shinto-shu" and the Yokyoku "Obasute". Through reading these texts, the following points are pointed out : (1) Buddha Shakya-muni knows the whole truth of all the people's existence, and shows them the way to the moksha by telling the story of their own existence. (2) Bodhisattvas meet people in peril and accompany them to the moksha, however distant the way may be. (3) Deities save people from compassion, remembering the sufferings that deities themselves had while they were once human.3. Toyosawa investigated in Koyogunkan which was edited in early Tokugawa period. It described words and deeds of Takeda Shingen and his surrounding people. We can grasp the way of life in Bushi in Sengoku period. Koyogunkan asserted that a person was necessarily ruled by Tenth or Heaven, Kaho or the grace of Tento and Un or the fortune. It expounded to a reader that one should accept the necessity of one's own past life and believe in the possibility of freedom in future endeavour. This investigation showed that Tento was the idea of transcendence which involved Buddhism and Shintoism.