A International Comparison of the Public Vocational Education and Human Development Systems in the East Asian Countries : Focus on Singapore, Thailand, China and Vietnam

本研究项目的主要目的之一是根据东亚国家（新加坡、泰国、中国和越南）的公共职业教育和培训以及企业人力资源能力的问卷进行访谈。但是，我们不可能在新加坡和中国企业进行采访。我们只在泰国和越南的8-12家公司、职业学校和劳动部长那里进行了访谈和问卷调查，但我们在泰国和越南发现了重要的学术事实。通过对泰国和越南的比较可以发现，泰国的公立高中和大学的职业教育和培训以及企业的人力资源开发都比越南发达。泰国政府在亚洲开发银行、国际劳工组织、德国和日本政府等的支持下，引进并建立了西方和日本的职业教育体系，泰国职业教育机构为学员提供了相当多的教育和培训技能。泰国公立职业学校在借鉴德国双元制教育的基础上，普遍引入了实习制度。由于许多泰国制造企业的管理人员都有在日本企业工作的经验，他们引进了一种新的泰国生产方法，与日本的生产管理系统相结合。相比之下，目前的越南正处于引进和建立新的职业教育体系的过程中，我们认为泰国政府和管理者的经验对于越南政府和管理者引进和建立新的职业教育体系具有重要的借鉴意义。

A main purpose of this research project is to conduct of interviews based on a questionnaire for public vocational education and training and human resource powers in the enterprises of East Asian countries (Singapore, Thailand, China and Vietnam). But, it was impossible for us to conduct interviews in Singapore and Chinese enterprises. We had to conduct researches by interviews and questionnaires in 8-12 companies, vocational schools and the Ministers for Labors of only Thailand and Vietnam.However, we could find important academic facts in Thailand and Vietnam. In a comparison between Thailand and Vietnam we could find that Thai vocational education and training on the public senior high schools and colleges, and development of human powers in enterprises are more developed than them of Vietnam. Thai government has introduced and established Western and Japanese systems supported on the aid of Asian Development Bank, ILO, German and Japanese government and so on. Thai vocational institutions provide fairly enough education and training skill for participants. It is popular in Thai public vocational school that internship system is introduced with learning from German Dual Education System. And because many Thai managers of the manufacturing enterprises have experiences of working in the Japanese enterprises, they have introduced a new Thai production methods integrated with the Japanese production management systems. In contrast, present Vietnam is on the way to introduce and built a new vocational education system with learning from foreign country.We think that the experiences of Thai government and managers are more important for Vietnamese government and managers to introduce vocational education systems from foreign countries and built a new system.