A Study on Proposal of City Block Models for preserving Kyo-Machiya a of the Historic Urban District in Kyoto-City

本研究旨在为京都历史城区的京町屋建筑风格提出传承传统空间结构的城市街区模式。随着町屋的消失，民间高层公寓和其他高层建筑的建设给町屋带来了损害，因此，町屋在历史街区中生存的可能性面临着严峻的局面。本研究根据城市街区的特点，考察了关键条件，提出了设计分区的思路，作为控制社会利益不相容导致的城市街区转型动态性的一种方法。本研究将此方法应用于为开展研究而设置的两个城市街区的空间重排规划中，提出了保留町屋传统空间结构的视觉形象规划。本研究由三个部分组成；(1)对町屋空间结构的历史思考；(2)对当代现状的分析；(3)对保留町屋建筑传统的城市街区模式的建议。首先，对町屋布局中庭院的布置进行了历史考量。认为町屋的布局模式与桂村独栋别墅具有某种共同的鲜明特征，即错开式平面。此外，将町屋的空间结构与起源于旧中东的四合院进行比较。其次，本研究提出振兴町屋的可能性，居住在町屋的居民将有助于重建当地社区，考虑町屋的条件需要什么来支持历史城市街区的生活空间氛围。第三，提出了两个城市街区模型规划，其目的是重构合作空间系统，采用设计分区的思路，其中包含六类规划类型。下一阶段的研究将需要确定历史城市街区计划的替代方案，通过这种方式，居民将获得更广泛的参与规划过程的机会。少

The purpose of this study is to propose city block models for inheriting the traditional space structure of Kyo-Machiya's architectural style located in the historic urban district in Kyoto. Its possibility to survive in historic city blocks is facing to critical situations because of damages raised by construction of private high-rise condominiums and other tall buildings accompanying the lost of Machiya.This study checked the critical conditions according to the characters of the city blocks, and suggested an idea of design zoning as a method to control dynamism of the city block transformations caused by incompatible social interests. Applying this method to planning of space rearrangement of two city blocks that were set for carrying out the research, this study proposed the visual image plans to survive the traditional space structure of Machiya.This study consists of three parts; (1) historic considerations of the Machiya's space structure, (2) the analyses of contemporary situat … More ions of historic city blocks, (3) proposals for city block models preserving the architectural tradition of Machiya.First, the historic considerations were carried out focusing on the arrangement of courtyard in the layout of Machiya. It is suggested that the layout pattern of Machiya has a certain common distinctive feature with that of the Katsura Detached Villa, which has the stagger type of plan. Furthermore, the space structure of Machiya is considered in comparison with courtyard house originating in the old Middle East Asia.Second, this study suggested the possibility to revitalize Machiya, the dwellers living in which will contribute to rebuild the local communities, taking into consideration that what are needed for conditions of Machiya to support the living space atmosphere of historic city blocks.Third, the two city block model plans are proposed, the purpose of which is to reconstruct the system of cooperative space, using the idea of design zoning which contains six categories of planning type.A study for next stage will necessitate establishing the way for making alternatives of the historic city block plan, through which dwellers will acquire the wider chances to participate the planning process. Less