Development of health and physical education program to train the self-management skills of students from the 1st grade to the 9th grade in elementary school and junior high school with a continuous 9-year compulsory education curriculum

通过对京都教育大学附属小学一年级至九年级学生和实行连续九年义务教育课程的初中学生的分析，我们得到了以下结论。随着学年的增加，男女的体格都在增长。然而，从第5学年到第6学年，从第8学年到第9学年，在两性中都观察到身体健康发展的停滞或下降。体育活动频次对体质有显著影响，且随着学年的进展，差异显著增加。生活方式越积极的男孩和女孩在初中这个时期的身体健康状况越好。小学四年级学生的身体能力（感知身体能力、控制感、同伴和老师接受度）有下降的趋势。在小学六年级，体育教学的积极性明显下降。体育运动动机高或体育能力高的学生在身体素质和体育活动频率方面均优于体育运动动机低或体育运动能力低的学生。身体健康、体育活动和体育教育动机或身体能力被认为是相互影响的。小学生在复杂动作、倒立动作、翻滚动作等动作技能方面，男女均有欠缺。女生对控球运动技能的习得不足。小学生在低年级时已习得体育课程的基本运动技能。然而，即使是初中生，他们在垫子、单杠、跳马等项目上的运动技能也没有完全掌握。在以上分析的基础上，结合以往的教育实践，与小学、初中、大学的专家合作，制定了健康体育课程。少

We obtained the following conclusions through an analysis of the students from the 1st grade to the 9th grade in the Kyoto University of Education attached elementary school and junior high school with a continuous 9-year compulsory education curriculum.1. Physique grew with the advance of school year in both sexes. However, the stagnation or decline in the development of physical fitness was observed the time from the 5th school year to 6th school year in both sexes and from the 8th school year to 9th school year in girls.There was a significant difference in physical fitness by the frequency of sports activity and the difference increased remarkably with the progress of the school year. The boys and girls with more active lifestyles showed greater physical fitness in this time of a junior high school.2. Physical competence (perceived physical competence, feeling of control, peer and teacher acceptance) in elementary school students tended to decline in 4th year students.3. Motivation … More for physical education decreased greatly in 6th school year in elementary school.4. The students with the higher motivation for physical education or the higher physical competence were superior in physical fitness and had higher frequency of sports activity to the students with lower level of these. Physical fitness, sports activity, and motivation for physical education or physical competence were considered to have influenced each other.4. Elementary school students was unable to acquire the movement skills such as complicated movement, movement for inverted supports and body rolling in both sexes. In girls, the acquisition of movement skills on ball operation was inadequate.5. Elementary school students had acquired fundamental motor skill of physical education program in the lower grades. However, even in junior high school students, the motor skills on mat exercises, horizontal bar, and vaulting horse were not fully acquired.Based on the above analysis and previous educational practice, health and physical education program was developed in collaboration with experts from elementary and junior high school, and university. Less