A five-year longitudinal study on the change of and the determinant of bone mass gain at lumbar spine and hip during adolescence : the prevention of fracture on adolescence and osteoporosis from adolescence

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For 412 first-grade students at 3 junior high schools in Kyoto, we measured HMD by DXA at the lumbar spine (L2-L4) and total hip, height, weight, and grip strength at baseline. This cohort was followed for 4 years through surveys conducted every other year. We examined the same variables in 346 third-grade junior high school students (127 boys and 219 girls, follow-up rate=84.0%) and 205 second-grade high school students (79 boys and 126 girls, follow-up rate excepting those who cannot pursue by transfer=55.5%). Our research produced five results.1.There was a significant increase in BMD at the lumbar spine and total hip from the first year of junior high school to the second year of high school in both genders, and the gender differences in the rate of change in BMD for both grade levels and sites were observed. Since the rates of change^<#1> in BMD from the baseline to the third-grade in junior high schools have a larger increase than those^<#2> from the third-grade in junior high sc … More hools to the second-grade in high schools, the junior high school period is very important for bone mass gain.2.The more mature subjects had a higher BMD at spine and hip in both sexes. However, an inverse relationship was observed between the maturation stage and the annual change rates in BMD.3.BMD at the spine and hip increased with weight in both sexes. Weight management is important for the acquisition of bone mass.4.The boys and girls with more active sporting lifestyles in junior high or high school showed greater BMD at spine and hip. Sporting activity at junior high school age and high school age was the important determinant of bone development at the lumbar spine and total hip in peripubertal boys and girls.5.Sufficient calcium intake for the junior high school and high school period was considered to influence the acquisition of bone density positively, although there was no significant relationship between BMD and calcium intake.#1)lumbar spine : boys=10.4%/yr, girls=6.0%/yr ; total hip : boys=8.6%/yr, girls=5.3%/yr#2)lumbar spine : boys=6.1%/yr, girls=2.8%/yr ; total hip : boys=3.5%/yr, girls=2.0%/yr Less