Study on Evaluation Methods for Transportation Policy Measures based on Revenue Management

收益管理是实现企业利润最大化的有力手段之一。它已被引入航空公司、酒店和租车市场。本研究旨在将RM概念引入交通政策措施的评估过程中。首先，我们总结了RM的基本理论，并对几种运输市场的适用性进行了讨论。考察了“投币停车”、日本航空市场和日本高速公路票价结构。其次，对RM在日本航空市场的适用性进行了检验。对“票证选择模型”进行估计，并将其应用于RM方法。考察了LOS变化和休闲旅游增加等敏感性分析，明确了模型的属性。第三，将RM应用于高速公路收费结构的评价。实际出行数据是在栃木县的一个社会体验学期中收集的，来自高速公路公司。利用实际数据，提出了综合Logit模型的估计方法。结果表明，该方法具有足够的可行性。提出了一种计算高速公路和地方主干路OD对出行量的方法。利用OD表，可以对高速公路收费结构变化的影响进行评价。通过对一些典型案例的分析，可以为高速公路公司和社会福利提供可行的票价结构。最后总结了RM概念的有效性和可行性，为未来的交通政策措施提供参考

Revenue Management (RM)is one of the strong methods to maximize enterprise profits. It has been introduced in airline, hotel and rent-a-car markets. This research aims to introduce the RM concept into the evaluation process of transportation policy measures. First, we summarized the basic theory of RM and discussed the applicability to several transportation markets. "Coin Parking", airline market in Japan and fare structure of Japanese highway are examined. Second, the applicability of RM to Japanese airline market was tested. "Ticket choice model" was estimated and it was applied to the RM method. The several sensibility analyses such as change of LOS or increase of leisure trips were examined, and the attributes of the model were clarified. Third, we applied the RM to the evaluation of highway's fare structure. The actual trip data which was collected during a social experience term in Tochigi prefecture was derived from expressway company. We developed the estimation method of aggregate Logit model by using the actual data. The estimation results showed the method has enough feasibility. And we suggested a procedure which can calculate the OD pair trip volume including expressway and local trunk road. By using the OD table, we can evaluate the effects of the change of fare structure on expressway. Some typical case studies were examined and we could show the feasible fare structures for expressway company as well as social welfare.Finally we summarized the efficiency and feasibility of the RM concept for further transportation policy measures