An invention of method to predict reproductive performance of Japanese Black cattle by the evaluation of sperm ability to exhibit flagellar hyperactivation

1.诱导精子鞭毛超活化：用细胞可渗透的类似物cBiMPS（0.1 mM）处理3 h可有效诱导精子鞭毛超活化。这表明日本黑牛精子中鞭毛的过度激活是通过cAMP信号转导来调节的. cAMP信号转导的表征：我们以前的报道表明，cAMP-PKA-SYK信号级联反应参与了公猪精子鞭毛的过度激活。然而，这项研究表明，它是通过不同的cAMP信号级联调节日本黑牛。一个可能的下游元件的cAMP信号已被发现作为黏着斑激酶（FAK）样蛋白。预测雄性生殖性能的生物标志物：cBiMPS处理快速诱导正常公牛精子的运动模式转变为卷曲运动。然而，在岐阜县生产的低生育力公牛的精子中观察到延迟转化。另一方面，在兵库县生产的低生育力公牛的精子中，在cBiMPS处理期间观察到活力相对较大的降低。精子对cBiMPS的不同反应可以作为预测日本黑牛雄性繁殖性能的生物学指标.预测雄性生殖性能的生化标志物：130-kDa、105-kDa和94-kDa cAMP依赖性酪氨酸磷酸化蛋白的检测水平可能与cBiMPS处理后超活化精子的百分比相关。因此，这些蛋白质是预测日本黑牛雄性繁殖性能的生化标记的候选者。此外，94-kDa酪氨酸磷酸化蛋白已被鉴定为FAK样蛋白。

1.Induction of sperm flagellar hyperactivation: The treatment with a cell-permeable analog cBiMPS (0.1 mM) for 3 h was effective for the induction of sperm flagellar hyperactivation. This reveals that flagellar hyperactivation is regulated via the cAMP singnaling in the sperm from Japanese Black cattle.2. Characterization of the cAMP signaling: Our previous reports indicate that the cAMP-PKA-SYK signaling cascade is involved in the sperm flagellar hyperactivation in boars. However, this study has suggested that it is regulated via different cAMP signaling cascades in Japanese Black cattle. A possible downstream element of the cAMP signaling has been found as a focal adhesion kinase (FAK)-like protein.3. Biological markers for the prediction of male reproductive performance: The treatment with cBiMPS rapidly induced transformation of motility pattern to curling movement in the sperm from normal bulls. However delayed transformation was observed in the sperm from subfertile bulls which were produced in Gifu Prefecture. On the other hand, relatively larger reduction of the motility was observed during the cBiMPS treatment in the sperm from subfertile bulls which were produced in Hyogo Prefecture. Namely, different responses of spermatozoa to cBiMPS may be valid as biological markers for prediction of male reproductive performance of Japanese Black cattle.4. Biochemical markers for the prediction of male reproductive: performance: Detection levels of 130-kDa, 105-kDa and 94-kDa cAMP-dependently tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins were likely correlated with the percentages of hyperactivated sperm after the treatment with cBiMPS. Thus, these proteins are candidates of biochemical markers for the prediction of male reproductive performance of Japanese Black cattle. Additionally the 94-kDa tyrosine-phosphorylated protein has been identified as a FAK-like protein.