Investigation of factors related to housebound elderly individuals living alone and a program for prevention of long-term care

本研究以独居老人为研究对象，为了制定针对个人生活方式的长期护理预防方案，对独居老人的问题和焦虑的原因进行了分析。2006年，我们建立了一个项目来预防长期-长期护理，包括与预防护理有关的锻炼和预防措施，并在区域设施中对总共179人实施。结果显示，部分参与者出现了关节挛缩或身体机能下降，为了防止这些情况的发生，有必要进行持续的计划。2007年，我们实施了20次修改后的计划，并对其效果进行了评估。受试者共34人，接受日间服务，平均年龄为84.7±4.2岁。虽然受试者倾向于“从床上爬起来”和“从椅子上站起来”有困难，但在项目结束后，他们在这些任务上的困难减少了。此外，尽管风险 ...更多信息 如果“在家”发生福尔斯跌倒的风险很高，则在该计划之后，这种风险显著降低。关于步态，每给定距离的步数减少，表明步数更长。随后，运动探测器安装在三个独居老人的家中，以阐明他们的行为模式和运动水平。具体而言，获得了日常生活模式和数据，如前往浴室的次数和房间内的运动。此外，在一个月的数据收集后，计算每天的身体活动量，并提供一个以家庭为基础的预防长期护理方案。此外，通过家庭每天观察这些活动，并根据活动情况与老年人进行联系，从而有机会与他们进行交流。结果表明，老年人可能由于身体功能下降而对需要腿部肌肉力量的日常生活活动产生问题或焦虑。然而，提供预防性护理计划，根据日常活动水平测量老年人的运动，并考虑个人需求，被认为是有效的，因为它减少了焦虑和福尔斯的风险。少

In the present study, which focused on elderly individuals living alone, we elucidated the causes of problems or anxiety associated with living alone in order to develop a program for prevention of long-term care based on individual lifestyles.In 2006, we created a program for prevention of long-term care that included exercise and precautions related to prevention of care and implemented it on a total of 179 individuals at regional facilities. The results showed that some participants had joint contracture or reduced physical function, and that a continuous program was necessary for preventing these conditions.In 2007, we implemented a modified program a total of 20 times and evaluated its effects. Subjects were a total of 34 individuals receiving day services who had a mean age of 84.7±4.2 years. Although subjects tended to have difficulty "getting up from bed" and "getting up from a chair", they had less difficulty with these tasks after the program. In addition, although the risk o … More f falls "at home" was high, this risk significantly decreased following the program. Regarding gait, the number of steps per a given distance decreased, indicating a longer step. Subsequently, motion detectors were installed at the homes of three elderly individuals living alone in order to elucidate their behavioral patterns and levels of exercise. Specifically, patterns of daily living and data such as the number of trips to the bathroom and movements inside rooms were obtained. Moreover, after one month of data collection, the amount of physical activity per day was calculated and a home-based program for prevention of long-term care was provided. Furthermore, these activities were observed daily by families, who contacted the elderly individuals depending on the status of activities and thus had opportunities to communicate with them.The results indicated the possibility that elderly individuals may have problems or anxiety regarding daily living activities that require leg muscle strength due to reductions in physical function. However, provision of preventive care program that measures movement among the elderly in terms of daily activity levels and considers individual needs was considered effective as it reduced anxiety as well as the risk of falls. Less