The mechanism of multifunctional biological activity of Ganoderma lucidam with preventive effects of sex-hormone related disease

灵芝（灵芝、甘露、灵芝）在东亚被用来治疗各种人类疾病已经有几个世纪了。本文研究了灵芝三萜的体外抗雄激素作用和破骨细胞分化抑制作用。其中灵芝酸DM对512-还原酶的抑制作用最强。此外，灵芝酸DM还能抑制破骨细胞的分化，这种分化与NF-κB配体受体激活因子（RANKL）和肿瘤坏死因子a （TNF-α）有关。灵芝酸DM具有抗雄激素和抗破骨细胞分化的双重功能，可以用来解释灵芝的多重功能。对这类三萜生物活性知识的积累，使我们对阐明灵芝未解之谜提供了一些线索。

The fungus Ganoderma lucidum (Reishi, Mannentake, or Lingzhi) has been used for centuries in East Asia to treat various human diseases. We investigated anti-androgen effect and the inhibitory effects of osteoclastic differentiation of triterpenoids isolated from G lucidum in vitro. Ganoderic acid DM showed the strongest 512-reductase inhibiting effect among the other ten triterpenoids. Also, ganoderic acid DM inhibited the osteoclastic differentiation, which responding to receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) and a tumor necrosis factor a (TNF-α). Ganoderic acid DM showed the dual functions such as anti-androgenic and anti-osteoclastic differentiation activities, which can be used to explain the multifunction of G. lucidum. The accumulation of the knowledge of biological activities of these kinds of triterpenoids leads us to give some hints in elucidating the unsolved function of G lucidum.