Evaluation of the effect of rotavirus vaccine on severe diarrhea and circulating rotavirus strains in Nepal

世界上几乎所有的儿童在5岁之前都感染了轮状病毒，但发达国家和发展中国家之间的感染结果有很大差异。尼泊尔是轮状病毒疾病负担非常高的国家之一。2009年，世界卫生组织发布了轮状病毒疫苗的儿童普及免疫，尼泊尔有望迟早引入轮状病毒疫苗。这项研究揭示了尼泊尔轮状病毒和诺如病毒腹泻的实质性负担，并描述了这些胃肠炎病毒的分子流行病学特征，以衡量轮状病毒疫苗的影响。这项研究还阐明了全球罕见的G12P[ 6]轮状病毒株如何随着时间的推移而演变，但在尼泊尔非常常见。

Virtually all children in the world are infected with rotavirus by the age of 5 years, but the outcome of infection differs considerably between developed and developing countries. Nepal is one of such countries where the burden of rotavirus disease is very high. In 2009, the World Health Organization issued a universal immunization of children with rotavirus vaccine, and Nepal is expected to introduce rotavirus vaccine sooner or later. This study revealed a substantial burden of rotavirus and norovirus diarrhea in Nepal, and described the molecular epidemiologic features of these gastroenteritis viruses on which the impact of rotavirus vaccine would be measured. This study also clarified how globally unusual G12P[ 6] rotavirus strains, yet very common in Nepal, evolved over time.