Effect of physical activity and diet on oxidative stress and adipocytokine

背景：定期运动，包括散步，是提高心血管疾病风险的有效途径，可能有助于预防血管硬化和动脉粥样硬化。目的：本研究旨在探讨步行运动是否能改善久坐不动的中老年受试者的心血管危险参数和动脉僵硬度。方法：以社区为基础的44名缺乏运动的男性和女性（年龄53.0±12.7岁）随机分为2个月的步行运动组（n=22）和对照组（n=22）。参加锻炼的人被要求每天快走1万步，而对照组则继续他们正常的日常久坐生活。在基线和随访时测量肱-踝脉波速度（baPWV）、血压（BP）、空腹血脂和血糖参数、脂联素和人体测量特征。结果：干预组和对照组平均每天步行步数分别为9692步和6386步。干预组在随访中观察到腰围（WC）、舒张压、胰岛素、胰岛素抵抗稳态模型评估和脂联素的显著降低。在调整了年龄、性别和基线差异后，与对照组相比，干预参与者的baPWV显著降低（-0.79m/sec vs. +0.37m/sec, p<0.001）。baPWV的变化分别与WC、收缩压和舒张压、胰岛素和脂联素的变化显著相关。采用多元逐步回归分析，舒张压（β=0.364）、WC降低（β=0.327）和受试者年龄（β=0.295）与随访时baPWV改善独立相关（校正R2=0.389, p=0.004）。结论：在久坐的中老年受试者中，通过每天步行10,000步来增加体力活动可能有效改善心血管风险参数并降低动脉僵硬度。

Background : Regular exercise, including walking, is an effective way to improve the risk of cardiovascular disease, and may be beneficial in preventing vascular stiffening and atherosclerosis.Objective : The aim of this study is to investigate whether walking exercise improved cardiovascular risk parameters and arterial stiffness of sedentary, middle-aged and elderly subjects.Methods : Forty-four community based, physically inactive men and women (age, 53.0±12.7 years) were randomized to either 2 months of walking exercise (n=22) or control condition (n=22). The exercise subjects were instructed to walk briskly 10,000 steps per day, while controls continued their normal daily sedentary life. Brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), blood pressure (BP), fasting blood lipid and glucose parameters, adiponectin, and anthropometric characteristics were measured at baseline and follow-up.Results : Average number of walking steps in intervention and control subjects was 9,692and 6,386 per day, respectively. In the intervention group, significant reductions of waist circumference (WC), diastolic BP, insulin, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance and an increase of adiponectin were observed at follow-up. After adjusting for age, sex, and baseline difference, intervention participants showed significantly greater reduction of baPWV compared to the controls (-0.79m/sec vs. +0.37m/sec, p<0.001). Change in baPWV was significantly correlated to change in WC, systolic and diastolic BP, insulin, and adiponectin, respectively. Using stepwise multivariate regression analysis, diastolic BP (β=0.364) WC reductions (β=0.327) and subject's age (β=0.295) were independently correlated with improved baPWV at follow-up (adjusted R2=0.389, p=0.004).Conclusions : Increased physical activity achieved by walking 10,000 steps per day may be effective in improving cardiovascular risk parameters and decreasing arterial stiffness in sedentary, middle-aged and elderly subjects.