Synthesis and Properties of Novel Amphiphilic Compounds Bearing Decomposition Function

通过脂肪酸酮与二醇类化合物的酸催化缩合，再与聚乙二醇或二乙醇胺反应，制备了三种含缩醛或1,3-二恶烷环的表面活性剂，无需任何昂贵的试剂和专用设备。与聚氧乙烯（n=9）十二烷基醚（C12EO9）相比，这些表面活性剂具有较小的临界胶束浓度（cmc）。它们在酸性条件下容易分解。28天后，它们的可生物降解率超过60%，与十二烷酸钠几乎相同。这些可化学裂解表面活性剂可用于乳液聚合合成聚苯乙烯。乳液聚合后，加入HCl或HCl均容易使乳液破碎。此外，聚苯乙烯可以很快被过滤掉。在3型乳化剂的情况下，得到的聚苯乙烯的多分散性和聚合度优于常规乳化剂中的聚苯乙烯。此外，前者的Na含量值低于后者。

Three types of surfactants bearing acetal or 1,3-dioxolane ring were prepared by acid-catalyzed condensation of fatty ketones with diol compounds, followed by a reaction with polyethyleneglycol or diethanolamine without any expensive reagents or special equipment. These surfactants had smaller critical micelle concentration (cmc) compared to polyoxyethylene (n=9) dodecyl ether (C12EO9). They were decomposed easily under acidic conditions. After 28 days they were more than 60% biodegradable and were almost the same as sodium dodecanoate. Polystyrene could be synthesized by emulsion polymerization using these chemocleavable surfactants. After emulsion polymerization, the emulsions could be easily broken by adding either HCl. Further, polystyrene could be filtered off very quickly. In the case of type 3, the polydispersities and polymerization degree of the obtained polystyrene were better than those of the polystyrene in the conventional emulsifiers. Further, the Na content values of the former were lower than those of the latter.