Study on coevolution of primates and their pinworms by DNA sequence analysis-From prosimians to humans-

从世界各地的人类、野生和圈养灵长类动物中收集了各种蛲虫。形态学鉴定，18 S rDNA和mtDNA Cox 1基因测序。基于这些分子的邻接分析不能描绘出与原猴亚目和新大陆灵长类的分裂顺序一致的系统发育树。然而，旧世界灵长类的分化顺序与宿主灵长类的分化顺序一致，支持共同进化假说。人类蛲虫有三种类型：A型寄生在亚洲人身上; B型寄生在东非人和欧洲人身上，还有居住在日本的巴西人; C型只从圈养的黑猩猩身上收集，但应该寄生在东非人身上。系统发育分析表明，C型先分裂，B型和A型再分化。据推测，这些类型是随着现代人类的扩散而形成的。

Various pinworms were collected from humans, wild and captive primates over the world. They were identified morphologically, and 18S rDNA and mtDNA Cox1 gene were sequenced. Neighbor-joining analysis based on these molecules could not depict phylogenetic tree congruent with the splitting order for prosimians and the New-World primates. However, the order of divergence the Old-world primates is congruent with that of host primates, supporting coevolution hypothesis. Three types were present in human pinworms: Type A is parasitic in Asian people; Type B in East Africans and Europeans, and also Brazilians residing in Japan; Type C has been collected from captive chimpanzees only, but is supposed to be parasitic in east African people. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that Type C split first, B and A were then diverged. It is surmised that these types were formed with dispersal of modern humans.