Studies on the plasticulture using specific UV-blocking films

黄瓜（Cucumis sativus L.）CV. 'Hiryu'）和番茄（Lycopersicon esculentum L. CV.“Momotaro”）植物在四种不同的聚烯烃膜温室（0.15μm厚度）下生长，其中分别阻断短于400、360、350和340 nm的UV波长（特异性UV阻断）。使用标准聚烯烃膜温室作为对照。与温室外照射植物相比，对照温室下约有50%的UV能量被阻挡。然而，在部分UV阻挡条件下，超过70%的UV能量被阻挡。幼苗的株高在处理之间没有差异，与作物无关。在粘合膜上捕获了九种不同的昆虫。其中，蝇类、稻飞虱、粉虱和蚜虫主要在黄色胶膜上捕获，而旋翅蝇主要在蓝色胶膜上捕获。专用紫外线阻隔膜对蚜虫的防治效果最明显，随着紫外线阻隔率的增加，累计捕获蚜虫数显著下降。此外，还研究了专用防紫外线塑料薄膜对黄瓜蚜虫的防治效果。在标准塑料薄膜条件下，从8月24日到9月14日，侵染率迅速上升，9月21日达到54%，而在特定的紫外线阻挡条件下，它被显著抑制，并且随着紫外线阻挡率的增加，侵染率逐渐下降。我们的研究结果表明，特定的紫外线阻挡塑料薄膜是商业上可接受的，以促进综合害虫管理（IPM）系统，特别是蚜虫控制不损害植物生长。

Cucumber(Cucumis sativus L. cv.'Hiryu') and tomato(Lycopersicon esculentum L. cv.'Momotaro') plants were grown under four different polyolefin film greenhouses(0.15μm thickness) where UV wavelengths shorter than 400, 360, 350 and 340 nm, respectively, were blocked(specific UV blocking). A standard polyolefin film greenhouse was used as control. Approximately 50% of UV energy was blocked under the control greenhouse compared with that irradiating plants outside the greenhouse. Under partial UV blocking conditions, however, more than 70% of UV energy was blocked. The plant height of the seedlings did not differ among treatments, irrespective of crop. Nine different insects were captured on the adhesive films. Among these, fly, rice plant hopper, whitefly and aphid were mainly captured on yellow adhesive films, while hoverfly was mainly captured on blue adhesive films. Effects of specific UV-blocking films were the most obvious for aphid control, and the cumulative number of captured aphids decreased greatly as the rate of UV-blocking increased. Effect of specific UV-blocking plastic films was also detected on aphid infestation on the cucumber leaves. Under standard plastic film, the infestation rate increased rapidly from 24 August to 14 September, reaching 54% on 21 September, while it was significantly inhibited under specific UV-blocking conditions and the rate decreased gradually as the UV-blocking rate increased. Our results showed that specific UV-blocking plastic films are commercially acceptable for promoting Integrated Pest Management(IPM) system especially for aphid control without harming plant growth.