Geoenvironmental improvement techniques using effective microorganisms

采用实验室方法研究了微生物混合对铬(VI)污染水和土壤的作用效果。此外，从微生物的种类和数量上证实了混合微生物对飞灰中铬(VI)的还原效果。与其他微量元素相比，硼具有较高的浓度和溶解性，常被认为是燃煤飞灰中最具植物毒性的痕量营养物质。从受污染的水、飞灰中去除硼是一个重要的环境问题。样品采集自日本的飞灰倾倒场。经生物化学和16S rDNA序列分析鉴定的17个菌株与芽孢杆菌属、溶杆菌属、微杆菌属和雷氏杆菌属的亲缘关系最近。这些菌株在固体培养上表现出较高的耐硼能力，范围为60~260 mm。据我们所知，这是第一次对飞灰倾倒场中广泛的细菌菌株进行耐硼、去除(基于生物吸附)和积累方面的研究。为了恢复日本东北地区太平洋海岸海啸水造成的咸水破坏的农田，采取了一种地质环境方法。在这项研究中，陆前高田市(海啸受灾最严重的地区之一)土壤的主要化学性质(pH、电导率)在2011年5月至6月期间进行了实地测试。在这一地区，通过使用含有光晕细菌的堆肥，已经采取了一种创新的方法来恢复盐碱地。

A fundamental study on the effect of mixing microorganisms for Cr(VI) contaminated water and soil was investigated by laboratory method. Moreover, reduction effects in the leaching of Cr(VI) from fly ash by mixing selected microorganisms were confirmed in consideration of species and amount of microorganisms.Boron is an industrially important element having properties between metals and non-metals. Boron is often cited as the most phytotoxic trace nutrient in coal fly ash, because of its high concentration and solubility relative to other trace elements in coal fly ash. The removal of boron from contaminated water, fly ash is an important environmental concern. The samples were collected from fly ash dumping site in Japan. From the screening, seventeen isolates identified, characterized based on biochemical and 16S rDNA sequencing analysis were most closely related to the genera Bacillus, Lysinibacillus, Microbacterium, and Ralstonia. The bacterial isolates exhibited high boron tolerance ranged from 60-260 mM in solid media. To our knowledge, this is the first study examining a wide range of bacterial strains in terms of boron tolerant, removal(biosorption based) and accumulation from fly ash dumping site.A geo-environmental approach has been carried out for the restoration of the farmed land which was damaged by the saline water due to tsunami water in the pacific coast of Tohoku region in Japan. In this study, major chemical properties(pH, Electrical conductivity) of soil in Rikuzentakata city(one of the most affected areas due to tsunami) have been carried out in the field test during May and June, 2011. An innovative approach has been taken to restore the saline soil by using compost containing Halo bacteria in this area.