The PET study of drug-naive schizophrenia using double tracers : involvements of dopaminergic system and microglia.

背景：精神分裂症是一种以幻觉和/或妄想和社交障碍为特征的神经发育障碍。尽管其神经生物学基础被认为是多巴胺能系统的异常，但细节仍不清楚。目的：研究多巴胺转运体与活化小胶质细胞结合的变化。设计：使用正电子发射断层扫描，我们分别测量了每个个体的脑多巴胺转运体和激活的小胶质细胞与放射性配体2β -碳甲氧基-3- β -（4-氟苯基）tropane （[(11)C]WIN-35,428）和[(11)C](R)-(1-[2-氯苯基]- n -甲基- n -[1-甲基丙基]-3-异喹啉carboxamide) ([（11)C](R)- pk11195）的结合。基于体素的分析以及基于兴趣区域的方法用于受试者之间的分析和受试者内部与临床变量相关的分析。设置：参与者从社区中招募。参与者：15名患有药物幼稚型精神分裂症的成年受试者（7男8女，年龄18-39岁）和15名年龄和性别匹配的健康对照。结果：在精神分裂症患者和对照组之间，多巴胺转运体在整个大脑中的结合没有差异。相比之下，精神分裂症组激活的小胶质细胞结合明显更高（P= 0.035）。结论：激活的小胶质细胞可能与精神分裂症的病理有关。

CONTEXT : Schizophrenia is a neurodevelopmental disorder that is characterized by hallucination and/or delusion and deficits in sociability. Although its neurobiological underpinnings are postulated to lie in abnormalities of the dopaminergic systems, the details remain unknown. OBJECTIVES : To determine the occurrence of changes in the binding of dopamine transporters and activated microglia. DESIGN : Using positron emission tomography, we measured the binding of brain dopamine transporters and activated microglia in each individual with the radioligands 2beta-carbomethoxy-3-beta-(4-fluorophenyl)tropane ([(11)C]WIN-35,428) and [(11)C](R)-(1-[2-chlorophenyl]-N-methyl-N-[1-methylpropyl]-3-isoquinoline carboxamide) ([(11)C](R)-PK11195), respectively. Voxel-based analyses as well as region of interest-based methods were used for between-subject analysis and within-subject correlation analysis with respect to clinical variables. SETTING : Participants recruited from the community. PARTICIPANTS : Fifteen adult subjects with drug-naive schizophrenia (7 male and 8 female ; age range, 18-39 years) and 15 age- and sex -matched healthy controls. RESULTS : There was no difference in the binding of dopamine transporter throughout the brain between individuals with schizophrenia and controls. In contrast, the activated microglia binding was significantly higher in the schizophrenia group (P=.035). CONCLUSIONS : The results suggest that an activated microglia may be related to pathology of schizophrenia.