Relationship between the natural environment and human impact extracted from terrestrial layered carbonates, speleothems and tufa deposi

过去从岩手县、福岛、山口、福冈、长崎、鹿儿岛和冲绳的石灰岩地区的岩溶表层溪床上的洞穴洞穴中的洞穴洞穴和凝灰岩沉积等陆地层状碳酸盐中提取的环境信息如下：i)日本各地都记录了从森林到草地和/或田野的历史人为植被变化。Ii)明确指出，在石笋和凝灰岩矿床中已清楚地观察到来自亚洲大陆的酸沉积的远程运移。在秋吉代高原东部地区，酸雨或土壤中镁离子的淋失可能导致生物量减少，这主要是由于从硫化物带冶炼铜矿所致。3)考察了大规模金枪鱼对岩手县和石垣岛县石笋的影响。4)这些记录与部分从古代文献、古代图画地图和地形图中提取的记录一致。5)2013年3月，在山口矿城举办了关于明代高原历史记载的讲座。

Past environmental information has been extracted from terrestrial laminated carbonates such as speleothems in caves and tufa deposits on karst surface stream beds in limestone areas of Iwate, Fukushima, Yamaguchi, Fukuoka, Nagasaki, Kagoshima and Okinawa as follows: i) The historical anthropogenic vegetation change from forest to grassland and/or fields was recorded everywhere in Japan. ii) It is clarified that long-range transport of acid depositions from the AsianContinent has been clearly observed in the stalagmites and tufa deposits. In the eastern area of Akiyoshi-dai Plateau, the possibility of reduction of the biomass by acid rain or leaching of the magnesium ions from the soil was suggested, mainly due to the smelting of copper ores from the sulfidezone. iii) The effects of large scale tunamis wereexamined with respect to the stalagmites from Iwate and Ishigakijima Is. iv) The records were in good agreement with those partially extracted from ancient documents, ancient picture maps and topographical maps. v) Lectures on the historical recordson Akiyoshi-dai Plateau were held in Mine City, Yamaguchi, in March, 2013.