Social Life of Gentry as seen from the Household Account ofHenry Langley, esquire, of Rickling Hall, Essex, 1473-4.

埃塞克斯郡里克林霍尔的绅士亨利·兰利的家庭饮食记录（国家档案馆，公共记录办公室，E101/516/9）揭示了贵族家庭对鱼类的消费。埃塞克斯内陆的里克林霍尔一家，乘新港轮渡在主教的斯托福德或藏红花瓦尔登购买贻贝和牡蛎。他们还买了白鲱鱼和烟熏鲱鱼、鳕鱼、鳕鱼、红鳕鱼和白鳕鱼、鳕鱼、鲑鱼、比目鱼、鲽鱼、鲭鱼、鲽鱼、鳗鱼、长鱼、梭子鱼等。帐目（f.6v ., 11 .）据记载，1473年9月22日至24日，埃塞克斯第一任伯爵亨利·布尔切尔（c.1408-1483）拜访亨利和凯瑟琳·兰利在里克林庄园的家庭时，鹧鸪和鹌鹑是专门从家庭家畜中饲养的。凯瑟琳的父亲是托马斯·厄斯维克，埃塞克斯伯爵的首席财政男爵（1472- 1479）。在夏天，伯爵忙于率领一支部队对付徘徊在英格兰海岸的牛津伯爵（E.F.Jacob, the 15 Century 1399-1485, Oxford, 1961, p.571）。也许他是在十月去伦敦参加国会的路上顺道去了里克林大厅。

The household diet account of Henry Langley, esquire, of Rickling Hall, Essex (theNational Archives, Public Record Office, E101/516/9) reveals fish consumptions of the gentry’s household. The household of Rickling Hall, the inland of Essex, bought mussels and oysters at Bishop’s Stortford or Saffron Walden using Newport ferry ship. Also theybought white and smoked herrings, stockfish, whiting, red and white cod and codling, salmon, sole, plaice, flounder, mackerel, sprat, eel, conger, pike etc. The account (f.6v, ll.7-17) reported that partridges and quails were specially served from household stockswhen Henry Bourchier, first earl of Essex (c.1408-1483) visited the household of Henryand Katherine Langley at Rickling Hall during 22-24^th September in 1473. Katherine’sfather was Thomas Urswick, chief baron of the Exchequer (1472-9) under the chancellor,earl of Essex. During the summer, the earl was busy leading a force against the earl of Oxford who hovered about the coast of England (E.F.Jacob, The Fifteenth Century 1399-1485, Oxford, 1961, p.571). Perhaps he dropped in Rickling Hall on his way to the attend Parliament summoned at London in October.