Orientational fluctuations of nematic liquid crystals under shear flow

我们研究了剪切胶体和向列相液晶的非平衡稳态波动。在剪切胶体中，首次通过实验观察到在均方距离中产生的与时间有关的三次反常色散。在剪切流动条件下，测量了液晶对交流电场的应力响应。观察到非平衡态的异常特征，明确了这是由剪切流引起的非保守力引起的。

We have investigated the nonequilibrium steady state fluctuations of sheared colloids and nematic liquid crystals. Anomalous dispersion giving rise to a cubic term with respect to time in the mean-square distance has been experimentally observed in sheared colloids for the first time. The stress response of a liquid crystal to ac electric fields was measured under shear flow. As a result, anomaly characteristic to nonequilibrium steady state was observed, which was clarified to originate from the nonconservative forces caused by the shear flow.