The corresponding relationship between t he changes of the motor neurons after peripheral nerve transfer and the effects of peripheral nerve regeneration

多年来，神经移植一直被普遍用作周围神经损伤后的治疗选择，尽管成功的神经移植的确切机制尚不清楚。我们建立大鼠脊髓副神经（Ac）和肩胛上神经（Ss）分支间神经转移的动物模型，观察运动神经元数量的变化，脊髓前角神经元的三维定位，并对神经转移治疗前后的颏上肌进行肌电图观察。本实验显示γ运动神经元数量明显减少。神经移植后运动神经元的分布部分主要集中在支配斜方肌的神经元柱内。一些支配冈上肌的神经元也在移植后存活。与非手术组比较，实验组冈上肌肌电图恢复率为60%，手术对照组为80%。神经移植后，γ运动神经元的数量明显减少。因此，γ运动神经元可能对神经移植后肌肉力量的恢复有重要作用。此外，由于位于支配斜方肌或冈上肌的区域的神经元在Ac转移到s后被标记，我们也认为周围神经转移后脊髓中存在不明确的轴突再生机制。

For many years, nerve transfer has been commonly used as a treatment option following peripheral nerve injury, although the precise mechanism underlying successful nerve transfer is not yet clear. We developed an animal model to investigate the mechanism underlying nerve transfer between branches of the spinal accessory nerve (Ac) and suprascapular nerve (Ss) in rats, so that we could observe changes in the number of motor neurons, investigate the 3 -dimensional localization of neu-rons in the anterior horn of the spinal cord, and perform an electromyogram (EMG) of the suprasp -inatus muscle before and after nerve transfer treatment. The present experiment showed a clear re-duction in the number of γmotor neurons. The distributional portion of motor neurons following nerve transfer was mainly within the neuron column innervating the trapezius. Some neurons in-nervating the supraspinatus muscle also survived post-transfer. Compared with the non-operated group, the EMG restoration rate of the supraspinatus muscle following nerve transfer was 60% in the experimental group and 80% in a surgical control group. Following nerve transfer, there was a distinct reduction in the number of γmotor neurons. Therefore, γmotor neurons may have important effects on the recovery of muscular strength following nerve transfer. Moreover, because the neurons located in regions innervating either the trapezius or supraspinatus muscle were labeled after Ac transfer to Ss, we also suggest that indistinct axon regeneration mechanisms exist in the spinal cord following peripheral nerve transfer.