Efficient and reliable urban freight transport systems for creating safe and secured cities

提出了考虑路网行程时间变化的动态路径选择模型，用于评价正常和灾害情况下城市货运系统的可靠性。我们比较了路线选择的结果，使用该模型与卡车运动的真实的探测数据，并澄清了增加的可靠性的行程时间的卡车的路线选择行为的影响。我们开发了多目标优化模型，考虑到总燃料消耗和对流离失所者供应短缺的惩罚。通过对2011年日本东北大地震的灾害案例进行应用，揭示了模型的适用性。还研究了救灾物资分配的位置路线优化问题。我们使用多智能体模型评估了城市货运政策措施，并阐明了在正常和灾害情况下建立高效可靠的城市货运系统是可能的。

This study presented dynamic route choice models considering the variable travel times on road networks to evaluate the reliability of urban freight transport systems in normal and disaster cases. We compared the results of route choice using the models with real probe data of truck movements and clarified the effects of increasing the reliability of travel times on the route choice behavior of trucks. We developed multi-objective optimization models taking into account the total fuel consumption and the penalty for shortage of supplies to displaced people. We applied the models in the Tohoku Earthquake disaster cases in 2011 and revealed the applicability of the models. The optimization of location routing of relief supplies distribution was also examined. We evaluated the urban freight transport policy measures using multi-agent models and clarified that it is possible to establish the efficient and reliable urban freight transport systems in normal and disaster cases.