Regulation by nesfatin and oxytocin of feeding, metabolism and circadian rhythm, as a basis for treating life style-related diseases

Nesfatin-1在大鼠下丘脑室旁核(PVN)的表达具有昼夜节律，光时相升高，从而驱动大鼠的昼夜摄食节律。Nesfatin-1节律的障碍会导致摄食节律的障碍、吞噬过度和肥胖。在光期补充Nesfatin-1可以改善这些代谢紊乱。PNV Nesfatin-1神经元直接被膳食诱发因素、葡萄糖和胰岛素以及光诱导的神经肽PACAP激活，同时它向PVN催产素神经元发出信号，作为下游效应。外周给药催产素纠正高脂饮食喂养的肥胖综合征小鼠的过度吞噬、肥胖、高血糖和脂肪肝。这些效应部分是通过迷走传入神经传递到大脑的信号而起作用的。这些结果为治疗人类肥胖症提供了依据。

Nesfatin-1 mRNA expression in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of hypothalamus exhibits circadian rhythm with light phase rise, which drives circadian feeding rhythm in rats,. Impairment of the nesfatin-1 rhythm causes impairment of feeding rhythm, hyperphagia and obesity. Supplementation of nesfatin-1 in light phase ameliorates these metabolic disorders.The PNV nesfatin-1 neuron is directly activated by meal-evoked factors, glucose and insulin, and by light-induced neuropeptide PACAP, while it signals to the PVN oxytocin neuron as the downstream effector.Peripheral administration of oxytocin corrects hyperphagia, obesity, hyperglycemia and fatty liver in high fat diet-fed mice with obesity syndrome. These effects are partly mediated by the signal transfer to the brain via vagal afferent nerves. These results provide a basis for the treatment of human obesity.