Analysis of replication mechanisms of acute respiratory viruses in epithelia

我们的研究表明，犬瘟热病毒（CDV）利用nectin-4进入上皮细胞和神经细胞。最近，CDV在猴子中引起了致命的爆发。我们的研究表明，CDV具有使用猴受体和狗受体的能力。此外，当它在H蛋白中获得单个氨基酸取代时，它能够使用人类受体。我们的研究还表明CDV本身具有对抗人类先天免疫系统的能力。在小鼠中，流感病毒HA蛋白的切割受到严重限制。这些数据表明，TMPRSS 2是体内激活流感病毒的必需蛋白酶。

Our studies revealed that canine distemper virus (CDV) use nectin-4 to enter epithelial and neural cells. Recently CDV has caused lethal outbreaks in monkeys. Our studies revealed that CDV has the ability to use monkey receptors as well as dog receptors. In addition, it became able to use human receptors, when it acquired a single amino acid substitution in the H protein. Also our studies showed that CDV intrinsically has the ability to counteract the human innate immune system.We have generated TMPRSS2 kockout mice. In the mice, cleavage of influenza virus HA protein was severely restricted. These data show that TMPRSS2 is the essential protease that activates influenza virus in vivo.