Construction of Knowledge Production Map of Japan based on Patents

知识生产机制的研究已经取得了很多成果。然而，研究人员的地理分布对知识生产的影响却鲜有研究。本研究提出了利用发明人的专利记录制作“日本知识生产地图”的挑战。它不仅包括发明者的地址，而且还包括他们的从属关系。为了补充专利信息的不足，将发明人的记录与其他数据库（如卡肯数据库）进行比较，该数据库包含了日本几乎所有的学术研究人员。这张地图显示，日本与大学和民间企业的合作研究在数量上有所增加，但在质量上有所下降，并且地理距离和组织距离对合作研究的影响在不同产业之间存在差异。

There are so many efforts fo elucidate the mechanisms of knowledge production. However, there is a little evicence about the effects of geographical distribution of researchers on knowledge production. This study challenged to make the "Knowledge productin map of Japan" by using inventors' records on patents. It included not only inventors' adddresses but also their affiliations. For complementing the deficit information of patents, comparing inventors' records with other databases such as the KAKEN database, which inculudes almost all academic researchers in Japan. This map enabled to demonstrate that the collaborative research with universities and private firms in Japan augmented in volume, but depressed in quality, and effects of geographical distance and organizational deistance on collavorative research were different from industry to industry.