Exosomal microRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers in metastatic gastric cancer

胞外体是由细胞分泌的小囊泡，细胞通过一种类似胞吐和胞吞的双向途径运输嵌入的分子。蛋白质和RNA等外体分子的表达模式可以指示细胞类型，因为它们的特征被认为在细胞中是唯一的。使用人类癌细胞系，我们使用微阵列和质谱仪对外体microRNA和蛋白质进行了图谱分析。结果，分别在硬化型胃癌和转移性胰腺癌细胞的外体中发现了特异的microRNA图谱。此外，比较蛋白质组分析确定了具有转移标记潜力的胞外蛋白，如用于十二指肠癌的多聚腺苷结合蛋白1(PABP1)和用于胰腺癌的表皮生长因子受体途径底物(Eps8)。

Exosomes are small vesicles secreted from cells that transport their embedded molecules by a kind of bidirectional exocytosis- and endocytosis-like pathways. Expression patterns of exosomal molecules such as proteins and RNAs can be indicative of cell type since their signature is thought to be unique among cells.Using human cancer cell lines, we have conducted profiling of exosomal microRNAs and proteins using microarray and mass spectrometry. As a result, specific microRNA profiles were found in exosomes derived from scirrhous type gastric and metastatic pancreatic cancer cells, respectively. In addition, a comparative proteome analysis identified exosomal proteins with metastatic marker potential such as polyadenylate binding protein 1 (PABP1) for duodenal cancer and epidermal growth factor receptor pathway substrate (Eps8) for pancreatic cancer.