Effects of exercise training on inflammaging: the role of macrophages in the molecular mechanisms

运动训练可以防止炎症巨噬细胞向脂肪组织渗透，并对肥胖相关的慢性炎症发挥抗炎作用。生长激素释放肽，发挥有效的抗炎作用，在腹膜marophages的表达减少肥胖和恢复运动训练，表明运动训练抑制肥胖引起的炎症通过生长激素释放肽。另一方面，生物钟基因Rev-erb通过直接调节趋化因子Ccl 2的表达来调节巨噬细胞的炎症功能。在小鼠巨噬细胞系RAW 264细胞中过表达Rev-erb可抑制LPS内毒素攻击后Ccl 2的诱导，导致细胞粘附和迁移活性受损。这些数据表明，Rev-erb通过抑制Ccl 2表达调节巨噬细胞的炎症浸润，并参与衰老或肥胖相关的炎症。

Exercise training prevented the infiltration of inflammatory macrophages to adipose tissue and exerted anti-inflammatory effects for obesity-related chronic inflammation. Expression of ghrelin, which exerts potent anti-inflammatory effects, in peritoneal marophages was decreased by obesity and recovered by exercise training, suggesting that exercise training suppresses obesity-induced inflammation through ghrelin. On the other hand, a circadian clock gene Rev-erb modulates the inflammatory function of macrophages through the direct regulation of a chemokine Ccl2 expression. Overexpression of Rev-erb in murine macrophage cell line RAW264 cells suppressed the induction of Ccl2 following a LPS endotoxin challenge, resulting in impaired the activity of cell adhesion and migration. These data suggest that Rev-erb regulates the inflammatory infiltration of macrophages through the suppression of Ccl2 expression and participates in aging- or obesity-associated inflammation.