Identifying the Predominant Sources of Atmospheric Dust to the Antarctic using Peat Cores from Ombrotrophic Sphagnum Bogs in Patagonia

南极冰芯记录了大气土壤尘埃、火山灰颗粒和微量金属的通量有相当大的变化，但记录并不完整，这些气溶胶的主要来源在空间和时间上的特征也很差。全营养泥炭沼泽是大多数大气颗粒物和各种痕量金属的极好档案，在塔斯马尼亚、新西兰和巴塔哥尼亚丰富。这里提出的研究将是南半球第一个完整的、长期的(13.000年)高分辨率大气尘埃和痕量金属沉积的重建。保守的致岩痕量金属(Ti、Y、Zr、Hf、REE)将被用来量化大气土壤尘埃沉积的变化率，这些元素与Sc的比率将记录矿物学和粒度的变化。铅和锶同位素数据将被用来确定主要尘埃源区的变化，这将为南半球全新世气候变化提供新的见解。砷、银、镉、锑和铅将被用来估计人类对金属熔剂的贡献。此外，火山提供的痕量元素将通过Au和Bi浓度的变化来识别，并使用Os和Ir来识别宇宙尘埃。这些新的陆地记录将补充现有的南极冰雪档案中的痕量金属和尘埃记录，并填补一些重要的研究空白。

Antarctic ice cores document considerable variation in the fluxes of atmospheric soil dust, volcanic ash particles, and trace metals, but the records are incomplete and the predominant sources of these aerosols are poorly characterised with respect to space and time. Ombrotrophic peat bogs are excellent archives of most atmospheric particles and a wide range of trace metals, and are abundant in Tasmania, New Zealand and Patagonia. The study proposed here will represent the first complete, long term (13.000 yr), high resolution reconstruction of atmospheric dust and trace metal deposition for the southern hemisphere. Conservative, lithogenic trace metals (Ti, Y, Zr, Hf, REE) will be used to quantify the changing rates of atmospheric soil dust deposition, and the ration of these elements to Sc will document changes in mineralogy and particle size. Lead and Sr isotope data will be used to identify changes in predominant dust source areas which will provide new insight into Holocene climate change in the southern hemisphere. Arsenic, Ag, Cd, Sb and Pb will be used to estimate anthropogenic contributions to the metal fluxes. In addition, trace elements supplied by volcanoes will be identified using changes in Au and Bi concentrations, and cosmogenic dust using Os and Ir. These new terrestrial records will complement the existing trace metal and dust records from Antarctica snow and ice archives, and fill in a number of important research gaps.