Characteristics of personality related to health behaviours and a future decline in higher-level functional capacity among elderly Japanese

本研究的目的是确定心理状态对健康行为的特征，包括营养和食物摄入，并阐明心理状态与老年人高级功能能力下降之间的关系。在7年的研究期间，21.7%的合格参与者报告高级功能能力下降。在对假定的混杂因素进行调整后，在7年的随访中，较高的精神特质和较低的外向性得分（即内向）与高级功能能力的下降显著相关。更好地了解这些人格特征可能有助于识别有风险的个体，并有助于减少功能衰退。

The aim of the study is to determine the characteristics of psychological state to health behaviours, including nutrient and food intake, and to clarify the associations between psychological state and decline in higher-level functional capacity among elderly. Over the 7-year study period, 21.7% of eligible participants reported decline in higher-level functional capacity. After adjustment for putative confounding factors, traits of higher psychoticism and lower extraversion scores (i.e., introversion) were significantly associated with a decline in higher-level functional capacity at the 7-year follow-up. A better understanding of these personality traits may aid in the identification of at-risk individuals and could help reduce functional decline.