Vertikal aufgelöste Charakterisierung von Sahara-Staub (mineralischem Aerosol) mit Hilfe von Lidar

撒哈拉沙尘层是最重要的大气气溶胶层之一，将在与气候有关的光学和物理特性方面以高垂直分辨率进行研究。在尘埃封闭实验的框架内，将在其中一个尘埃源区和远距离传输区运行三台激光雷达。将根据两个封闭实验和全面的建模研究，对激光雷达衍生的光学特性与尘埃的大小/形状/成分特性之间的关系进行系统的调查。将进一步开发现有的最先进的激光雷达反演方案，以便从光学测量中检索沙漠尘埃粒子的物理特性。激光雷达观测将大大有助于CALIPSO使命，在此期间，一个星载激光雷达将绘制全球气溶胶三维分布图。地面，飞机和卫星激光雷达观测的结合提供了一个独特的可能性，从非洲到北美和南美的撒哈拉沙尘输送模式的质量保证的描述。需要开展这些活动，以大大改进大气尘埃迁移和撒哈拉尘埃对气候影响的建模。

The Saharan dust layer as one of the most important atmospheric aerosol layers will be investigated with high vertical resolution in terms of climate-relevant optical and physical properties. Three lidars will be operated in one of the dust source regions and in the long-range-transport region in the framework of dust closure experiments. A systematic investigation of the relationship between the lidar-derived optical properties and the size/shape/composition properties of dust based on two closure experiments and comprehensive modelling studies will be performed. Available state-of-the-art lidar inversion schemes will be further developed to allow the retrieval of physical properties of desert dust particles from the optical measurements. The lidar observations will significantly contribute to the CALIPSO mission during which a spaceborne lidar will map global aerosol distributions in three dimensions. The combination of ground-based, aircraft, and satellite lidar observations offers a unique possibility for a quality-assured description of the Saharan dust transport pattern from Africa to North and South America. Such activities are required to improve significantly modelling of the atmospheric dust transport and the impact of Saharan dust von climate.