Topological Solitons and Non-perturbative Effects in Field Theory

夸克-强子连续性是强子物质与夸克物质之间没有相变的交叉，基于两相的对称性和激励的匹配。在最简单的情况下，它连接了超子物质和颜色-风味锁定（CFL）相，表现出颜色超导性。最近，有人提出超子物质中的一个强子超流涡旋可以在CFL相中与一个非阿贝尔涡旋（彩色磁通管）相连。与他们的建议相反，我们证明了三个强子超流体漩涡必须与三个不同颜色的非阿贝尔漩涡结合，并且总彩色磁通量被抵消，其中的结称为彩色boojum。讨论了强磁场对中子3P2超流动性的影响。我们在路径积分形式中推导了金兹堡-朗道方程，在磁场B的扩展中，我们确定了温度为T的（T，B）相图，包括三个相：B=0时的单轴向列相（UN）， D2-双轴向列相（BN）和D4-BN相，分别在有限B和强B（如磁星）中，D2和D4是二面体群。我们研究了UN、D2-BN和D4-BN相的热容和自旋磁化率等热力学性质，发现自旋磁化率表现出各向异性。

Quark-hadron continuity was proposed as crossover between hadronic matter and quark matter without a phase transition, based on the matching of the symmetry and excitations in both phases. In the simplest case, it connects hyperon matter and the color-flavor-locked (CFL) phase exhibiting color superconductivity. Recently, it was suggested that one hadronic superfluid vortex in hyperon matter could be connected to one non-Abelian vortex (color magnetic flux tube) in the CFL phase. On contrary to their proposal, we showed that three hadronic superfluid vortices must combine with three non-Abelian vortices with different colors with the total color magnetic fluxes canceled out, where the junction is called a colorful boojum.We discussed the effect of a strong magnetic field on neutron 3P2 superfluidity. We derived the Ginzburg-Landau equation in the path-integral formalism up to the next-to-leading order in the expansion of the magnetic field B. We determined the (T,B) phase diagram with temperature T, comprising three phases: the uniaxial nematic (UN) phase for B=0, D2-biaxial nematic (BN) and D4-BN phases in finite B and strong B such as magnetars, respectively, where D2 and D4 are dihedral groups. We presented the thermodynamic properties, such as heat capacities and spin susceptibility, and found that the spin susceptibility exhibits anisotropies in the UN, D2-BN, and D4-BN phases.